Utilization of Calcium Carbonate-Coated Wood Flour in Printing Paper and Their Conservational Properties

Abstract

Wood flours (WFs) are bulky lignocellulosic materials that can increase the bulk and stiffness of paper. To be used in printing paper for replacing chemical pulp, WFs were first fractionated by a 200-mesh screen to improve smoothness; second, they were coated with calcium carbonate by an in-situ CaCO3 formation method (coated wood flours, CWFs) to improve brightness. The performance of CWFs for printing paper was compared to those of bleached wood flours (BWFs) and bleached chemical pulp. Equivalent brightness and much higher smoothness were obtained for the CWFs compared to the BWFs. Furthermore, BWFs caused a significant loss of yield and required wastewater treatment in the bleaching process, while the CWFs increased the yield greatly by attaching CaCO3 to the wood flours, and caused no wastewater burden. An accelerated aging test showed that the CWFs caused lesser brightness and strength loss than the bleached chemical pulp and BWFs. CWFs still had room for improvement to replace chemical pulp, but showed slower aging in optical and close strength properties.

Effects of precipitated and ground calcium carbonate coating on mechanical properties of fluting paper

“…RCT values of different paper types in the same environment are also affected differently (Bennett and Allan, 2017; Dimitrov and Heydenrych, 2009; Lee and Rhim, 2006; Rhim et al , 2006). CaCO 3 dries faster and absorbs less moisture than cellulose fibers (Andersson et al , 2002; Hladnik et al , 2008; Seo et al , 2019; Teir et al , 2005). While CaCO 3 dries faster and absorbs less moisture as one of the reasons why the coating process increases RCT values, it is believed that the starch used in coating color production has a positive effect on RCT values.…”

“…CCT values of fluting papers increased by 12.4%–24.4% with pigment coating. While CaCO 3 dries faster and absorbs less moisture (Andersson et al , 2002; Hladnik et al , 2008; Seo et al , 2019; Teir et al , 2005), this is one of the reasons why the coating process improves the CCT values; another explanation is that the starch used in the coating color production probably has a good influence on the CCT values as well as on the RCT values.…”

“…There is a growing fiber shortage worldwide, and it has been said that investment in cellulose from various sources, including large pine forests, is needed. However, cellulose production requires a significant investment (Laftah and Wan Abdul Rahman, 2016;Sözbir and Çiçekler, 2022). Packaging-grade paper is made from 80% to 100% recycled fiber, a result of favorable laws and environmental restrictions put on the use of resources derived from forests (Adamopoulos and Oliver, 2006;Adampoulos et al, 2014).…”

“…Paper manufacturers are looking for alternative materials to reduce paper and paper packaging costs associated with cellulose. Therefore, the fillers used to improve paper properties are crucial (Dafchahi et al, 2021;Sözbir and Çiçekler, 2022;Zhang et al, 2013). Since nonfibrous inorganic materials are significantly cheaper than fibrous materials, they are heavily chosen, as they reduce manufacturing costs and allow for faster drying than fibrous raw materials, thereby increasing yield (Karademir et al, 2013;Lee et al, 2021).…”

Production and characterisation of pine wood powders from a multi-blade shaft mill

“…Wood powder is used in filter paper and it increases the absorption and adsorption capacity of filter paper [177,178]. Seo et al [179] has conducted research on using wood powder as coating material in combination with calcium carbonate but brightness and strength properties, except for stiffness, are poor. The authors have claimed that the use of <200-mesh screen wood powder can improve the properties.…”