Utilization of Biomass for Iron Ore Sintering

Kawaguchi, Takazo; Hara, Masaki

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.53.1599

Cited by 83 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…21) After preformation process, the density of biochar achieves an increase, while its porosity achieves an obvious decrease, which therefore needed less water to get saturated. Additionally, in combination with the results found by T. Kawaguchi,21) the change of biomass char is firstly related to the change of bulk density of sintering mixtures. Before preformation process, the apparent density of biochar is much smaller than that of coke breeze, which would reduce the bulk density of sintering mixtures and improve the permeability of sinter bed (Table 6).…”

Section: Application Of Preformed Biochar In Sinteringsupporting

confidence: 59%

Influence of Preformation Process on Combustibility of Biochar and its Application in Iron Ore Sintering

Fan

Gan

et al. 2015

ISIJ International

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A study was carried out into the use of preformation process to prepare biochar for replacing coke breeze in iron ore sintering. Two types of preformation process, thermo-compression process (TCP) and normal temperature process (NTP), were adopted. Results show that preformation contributed to improving the density of both raw biomass and biochar. Recommended preformation parameters for TCP were 200°C, 1 min and 120 MPa respectively, while the recommended preformation pressure for NTP was 180 MPa. Compared with non-preformed biochar, the specific surface area and porosity of preformed biochar were considerably reduced. The inner structure of biochar was therefore compacted to close to that of coke breeze. These changes bridged the differences in terms of combustion properties between biochar and coke breeze. Laboratory-scale sintering tests showed that the proper replacement percentage of biochar to coke breeze was increased from 20% to 40% after preformation process, and the emission reduction of SOx and NOx were correspondingly increased from 18.37% and 15.88% to about 38.00% and 27.00% respectively.

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Section: Application Of Preformed Biochar In Sinteringsupporting

confidence: 59%

Influence of Preformation Process on Combustibility of Biochar and its Application in Iron Ore Sintering

Fan

Gan

et al. 2015

ISIJ International

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“…Since the NO x , SO x , dust, and dioxins generated from sintering are about 50% of the total emissions of iron and steel enterprises, it is important to understand these in order to develop new energy-saving and environment-protecting sintering technologies for reducing pollution emissions. Although new technologies for reducing NO x emissions, such as biomass fuel [1], fuel gas injection [2], and flue gas recirculation [3,4], have been applied in some sintering plants, there is even greater 2 of 21 potential for investigating the mechanism of NO x production and reduction. NO x emission can be affected by fuel properties and operation conditions during the iron ore sintering process [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fuel Type and Operation Parameters on Combustion and NOx Emission of the Iron Ore Sintering Process

Zou

2019

Energies

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A transient two-dimensional mathematical model is developed to study the influence of fuel type and operation parameters on combustion and NOx emission during the iron ore sintering process. The model was validated by comparing the model predictions with sintering pot test data. The predictions show reasonable agreement with the averaged values of the test data. In addition to the conventional sintering process, this model can also predict new processes such as flue gas recirculation, gas fuel injection, and fuel layered distribution. The simulation results show that the fuel NOx is the main part of the NOx emission during sintering, and thermal NOx forms a very little part. The produced NOx can be reduced not only by coke but also by CO around coke particles, with reduction proportions of 50% and 10%, respectively. Two types of coke A and B were compared. With Coke A as solid fuel and consumption of 3.8%, the NOx emission was 320 ppm. Increasing the replacement of Coke A with Coke B, the NOx emission was decreased, being decreased by 28.13% to 230 ppm with the replacement proportion of 50%. When only Coke B was used, the NOx emissions could be lowered by 53.13% to 150 ppm. Decreasing the particle size from 1.6 mm to 1.2 mm led the NOx emission to be increased by 10.93% from 320 ppm to 355 ppm. With Coke A as the only solid fuel, increasing the fuel ratio to 4.2% led the NOx emission to be increased by 9.38% to 350 ppm; increasing the oxygen content of inlet air from 21% to 30% led the NOx emission to be increased by 15.00% from 320 ppm to 368 ppm.

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“…Because of their different combustibilities, the straw char will combust before the coke breeze, and because of their different initial temperatures and burning speeds, they will not release heat in a similar manner. This makes it difficult to achieve the temperature and duration needed to form sufficient liquid calcium ferrite to facilitate cohesion during the condensation-crystallisation stage of the sintering process, 19,20) with the result that the formation of strong linkages among individual ore particles will be impeded. The decrease in highest bed temperature at 200 mm (HBT 200 ) with increasing proportion of straw char shown in Table 3 confirms the effects of the different combustibilities of the straw char and coke breeze.…”

Section: Influence Of the Replacement Of Coke Breeze Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Prepared Coke–biochar Composite and Its Influence on Reduction of NO<i><sub>x</sub></i> Emission in Iron Ore Sintering

Fan

Gan

et al. 2015

ISIJ International

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Substituting biofuel for coke breeze in the iron ore sintering process has become increasingly attractive. However, coke breeze and straw char separately distributed in the sinter bed lead to poor-quality sinter because of their different combustibilities. In this investigation, a coke-biochar composite (CBC) is produced from coking coal and raw straw, and its behaviour when used as a fuel for sintering is investigated. The results show that the coke and straw char in the CBC interpenetrate and adhere together. Compared with separately distributed coke breeze and straw char, this structure effectively restrains separate combustion of the CBC components. A CBC with 40-60% straw char is recommended as a replacement for coke breeze, with only small changes in sinter quality. The fuel nitrogen conversion rate is decreased by 8.3% during CBC combustion, possibly owing to reducing reactions between C (CO) and NO x , which further decrease NO x emission.

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Utilization of Biomass for Iron Ore Sintering

Cited by 83 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of Preformation Process on Combustibility of Biochar and its Application in Iron Ore Sintering

Influence of Preformation Process on Combustibility of Biochar and its Application in Iron Ore Sintering

Effects of Fuel Type and Operation Parameters on Combustion and NOx Emission of the Iron Ore Sintering Process

Characteristics of Prepared Coke–biochar Composite and Its Influence on Reduction of NO<i><sub>x</sub></i> Emission in Iron Ore Sintering

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