Utilization of biochar for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus

Dai, Yingjie; Wang, Wensi; Lu, Lu; Yan, Lilong; Yu, Dianyu

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120573

Cited by 157 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The adsorption process is a composite adsorption reaction, which includes surface adsorption, external liquid film diffusion, and intraparticle diffusion. This phenomenon can be similarly verified in many reports [ 26 , 28 , 43 ]. In the pseudo-second-order model ( Table 4 ), h represents the initial adsorption rate, and its value is 0.38 mg·g −1 ·min −1 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Adsorption Kineticssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Moreover, nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 − ) is the main form of nitrogen, which plays an important role in plant nutrition, microbial transformation, and natural nitrogen cycle [25]. But the nitrogen leaching from farmland will lead to many problems such as groundwater pollution and water eutrophication [26]. Fortunately, the adsorption of NO 3 − by biochar is the most effective method to remove nitrogen because of high efficiency, simple equipment, and reliable operation [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Eco-Friendly Biochar and Valuable Bio-Oil from Caragana korshinskii: Pyrolysis Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorption Applications

et al. 2020

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Carbonization of biomass can prepare carbon materials with excellent properties. In order to explore the comprehensive utilization and recycling of Caragana korshinskii biomass, 15 kinds of Caragana korshinskii biochar (CB) were prepared by controlling the oxygen-limited pyrolysis process. Moreover, we pay attention to the dynamic changes of microstructure of CB and the by-products. The physicochemical properties of CB were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), BET-specific surface area (BET-SSA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimal preparation technology was evaluated by batch adsorption application experiment of NO3−, and the pyrolysis mechanism was explored. The results showed that the pyrolysis temperature is the most important factor in the properties of CB. With the increase of temperature, the content of C, pH, mesoporous structure, BET-SSA of CB increased, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) decreased and then increased, but the yield and the content of O and N decreased. The CEC, pH, and BET-SSA of CB under each pyrolysis process were 16.64–81.4 cmol·kg−1, 6.65–8.99, and 13.52–133.49 m2·g−1, respectively. CB contains abundant functional groups and mesoporous structure. As the pyrolysis temperature and time increases, the bond valence structure of C 1s, Ca 2p, and O 1s is more stable, and the phase structure of CaCO3 is more obvious, where the aromaticity increases, and the polarity decreases. The CB prepared at 650 °C for 3 h presented the best adsorption performance, and the maximum theoretical adsorption capacity for NO3− reached 120.65 mg·g−1. The Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order model can well describe the isothermal and kinetics adsorption process of NO3−, respectively. Compared with other cellulose and lignin-based biomass materials, CB showed efficient adsorption performance of NO3− without complicated modification condition. The by-products contain bio-soil and tail gas, which are potential source of liquid fuel and chemical raw materials. Especially, the bio-oil of CB contains α-d-glucopyranose, which can be used in medical tests and medicines.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Adsorption Kineticssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Eco-Friendly Biochar and Valuable Bio-Oil from Caragana korshinskii: Pyrolysis Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorption Applications

et al. 2020

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“…According to Yan et al [ 12 ], the pyrolysis is also a frequently used and major carbonization process, and the basic physicochemical properties of the pyrolysis products may be improved by post-treatment, mainly involving physical and chemical activation processes. Biochar is a carbon-rich, stable, and highly aromatic solid product obtained from the pyrolysis of various biomass feedstocks under limited oxygen supply and in a specific temperature range (<700 °C) [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Furthermore, owing to the porous structure, large surface area, and abundant functional groups (i.e., free radicals and surface charges) of the biochar, it affords high adsorption capacity and stability [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Jujube Biomass to Prepare Biochar by Pyrolysis and Activation: Characterization, Adsorption Characteristics, and Mechanisms for Nitrogen

et al. 2020

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The rapid advancement of jujube industry has produced a large amount of jujube biomass waste, requiring the development of new methods for utilization of jujube resources. Herein, medium-temperature pyrolysis is employed to produce carbon materials from jujube waste in an oxygen-free environment. Ten types of jujube biochar (JB) are prepared by modifying different pyrolysis parameters, followed by physical activation. The physicochemical properties of JB are systematically characterized, and the adsorption characteristics of JB for NO3− and NH4+ are evaluated via batch adsorption experiments. Furthermore, the pyrolysis and adsorption mechanisms are discussed. The results indicate that the C content, pH, and specific surface area of JB increase with an increase in the pyrolysis temperature from 300 °C to 700 °C, whereas the O and N contents, yield, zeta potential, and total functional groups of JB decrease gradually. The pyrolysis temperature more significantly effects the biochar properties than pyrolysis time. JB affords the highest adsorption capacity for NO3− (21.17 mg·g−1) and NH4+ (30.57 mg·g−1) at 600 °C in 2 h. The Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models suitably describe the isothermal and kinetic adsorption processes, respectively. The NO3− and NH4+ adsorption mechanisms of JB may include surface adsorption, intraparticle diffusion, electrostatic interaction, and ion exchange. In addition, π–π interaction and surface complexation may also be involved in NH4+ adsorption. The pyrolysis mechanism comprises the combination of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin decomposition involving three stages. This study is expected to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the efficient utilization of jujube biomass to develop eco-friendly biochar and nitrogenous wastewater pollution prevention.

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“…The use of BC as a soil amendment can provide numerous agricultural and environmental benefits, including improving agrochemical behavior in soils 21 . One of the most promising uses of BC reported is as sorbent of pesticides and fertilizers to reduce their mobility in soils 21–23 . The ability of BC to sorb these organic compounds depends on several physicochemical properties of this carbonaceous material such as its chemical structure and composition, porosity, surface area, pH, elemental ratios and surface functional groups 21,23,24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar changes the bioavailability and bioefficacy of the allelochemical coumarin in agricultural soils

Gámiz

López-Cabeza

Velarde

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Allelochemicals can act as biopesticides or enhance the action of synthetic pesticides. In this work, we assessed the bioavailability of the allelochemical coumarin in soils amended with fresh or field‐aged biochars (BCs). The fresh BC from oak wood (Fresh BC) was prepared at 550 °C and was buried for aging in two different places: in a sandy loam soil in Spain for 15 months (Aged BC_1) and a sandy loam soil in USA for six months (Aged BC_2). RESULTS Sorption experiments showed that all BCs were able to increase the affinity of soil towards coumarin, with the distribution coefficient following the order: unamended soil < Aged BC_2‐amended soil < Aged BC_1‐amended soil < Fresh BC‐amended soil. All biochars ensure greater persistence of coumarin and the effect was more pronounced at high chemical dose (10 mg kg–1). Conversely, leaching studies in soil columns revealed that BCs were able to maintain coumarin within the first 5 cm of top‐soil with total amount extracted ranging between 17% and 22% for BC‐amended soil and <1% for unamended soil. Leaching was only observed when coumarin was added at the highest rate. Likewise, the bioefficacy of coumarin against lettuce was enhanced only at 10 kg ha–1 with BC‐amended soil. CONCLUSIONS Biochar application to agricultural soils is a promising tool for the management of natural compounds with potential use as biopesticides, such as coumarin, because it increases sorption, persistence and, in some cases, bioefficacy. The results reveal that this effect still persists with aging of BC in soils.

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Utilization of biochar for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus

Cited by 157 publications

References 106 publications

The Eco-Friendly Biochar and Valuable Bio-Oil from Caragana korshinskii: Pyrolysis Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorption Applications

The Eco-Friendly Biochar and Valuable Bio-Oil from Caragana korshinskii: Pyrolysis Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorption Applications

Utilization of Jujube Biomass to Prepare Biochar by Pyrolysis and Activation: Characterization, Adsorption Characteristics, and Mechanisms for Nitrogen

Biochar changes the bioavailability and bioefficacy of the allelochemical coumarin in agricultural soils

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