Utilization of 1,3,5‐trihydroxybenzene (phloroglucinol) by a soil isolate, <i>Rhodococcus</i> species BPG‐8

A Rhodoococcrrs sp. BPG-8 isolated from oil-rich soil in Newfoundland was capable of using phloroglucinol as a sole source of carbon and energy. Culture filtrates of cells grown on resorcinol were extracted and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectra (GC-MS), thin layer chromatography (TLC). and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Phloroglucinol induced cell-free extracts revealed the presence of phloroglucinol hydroxylase that hydroxylated resorcinol. Meta-cleavage of 1 J.4-benzenentriol occurs at a slow rate. A tentative biotransformation pathway for resorcinol by Rl~oducoococus sp. BPG-8 is discussed.The genus Rhodococcus rivals the Pseiidotmtzds in its ability to transform and mineralize various aromatics. RhorZococcirs can transformation chlorinated-phenolic compounds through 0-methylation (ALLARD et al. 1985), or hydroxylation of chlorinated-phenols to chlorocatechols (HAGGBLOM et a/. 1988). JANKE et nl. (1988) suggest that many non-growth substrated such as chloroanilines, chlorophenols, and chlorobenzoic acid produce dead end metabolites by this non-specific hydroxylation.This note reports a novel phloroglucinol (PG, 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) induced RIiodococci~.s sp. BPG-8 that is able to fortuitously metabolize resorcinol.

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“…The source of the organism, growth conditions, and preparation of cell-free extracts are described elsewhere (ARMSTRONG and PATEL 1992).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fortuitous resorcinol metabolism by a phloroglucinol‐induced Rhodococcus sp. BPG‐8

Armstrong

Patel

1992

J. Basic Microbiol.

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Characterization of the Rhodococcus sp. BPG‐8 resorcinol hydroxylase

Armstrong

Patel

1993

J. Basic Microbiol.

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A thermo-unstable hydroxylase was isolated from a Rhodococcus sp. BPG-8. Activity for the partially purified hydroxylase was enhanced and stabilized in the presence of FAD and catalase. The V,,, values for the oxidation of NADH was 0.28 pmoles . min-' . mg-' protein and K , value was 8.3 p~ in the presence of these compounds, while in their absence the V,,, value was reduced to 0.09 pmoles . min-' . mg-' protein while the K, value changed to 16.1 p~. Resorcinol hydroxylase activity was optimal at pH 7.0, and 25°C. The optimal substrate concentrations were 68 p~ and 125 PM in the presence and absence of FAD/catalase, respectively. Chloride ion, and metal ions inhibited the resorcinol hydroxylase activity. The resorcinol hydroxylase utilized various other substrates, and did not influence the hydroxylase activity in the presence of resorcinol.

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Microbial degradation of phloroglucinol and other polyphenolic compounds

Armstrong

Patel

1994

J. Basic Microbiol.

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Biodegradation of phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) and other polyphenolic compounds by microbes may occur by aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways. Aerobic microbes may initiate the mineralization of phloroglucinol or other polyphenolics by either a reductive pathway, epoxide formation, or a specific hydroxylating mechanism. Cleavage of the various intermediates of phloroglucinol and polyphenolic degradation may occur by intradiol and extradiol mechanisms. The reductive pathway in contrast to other mechanisms utilized by aerobic microbes, seems both cumbersome and energy wasteful. The degradation of lignin and its associated phenolics follows an enzymatic combustion process which resembles a nonspecific enzyme-catalyzed burning. Anaerobic mineralization of phloroglucinol and its associated polyphenolics by several microbes seems to favour the reductive formation of a dihydrophloroglucinol (1,3-dioxo-5-hydroxycyclohexane), which is cleaved by a specific hydrolase. Mineralization of numerous other polyphenolic compounds by anaerobes seems to utilize phloroglucinol as a central metabolite.

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Utilization of 1,3,5‐trihydroxybenzene (phloroglucinol) by a soil isolate, Rhodococcus species BPG‐8

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Fortuitous resorcinol metabolism by a phloroglucinol‐induced Rhodococcus sp. BPG‐8

Fortuitous resorcinol metabolism by a phloroglucinol‐induced Rhodococcus sp. BPG‐8

Characterization of the Rhodococcus sp. BPG‐8 resorcinol hydroxylase

Microbial degradation of phloroglucinol and other polyphenolic compounds

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