Utility of the Shock Index in Predicting Mortality in Traumatically Injured Patients

Cannon, Chad; Braxton, Carla C.; Kling-Smith, Mendy; Mahnken, Jonathan D.; Carlton, Elizabeth; Moncure, Michael

doi:10.1097/ta.0b013e3181bbf728

Cited by 264 publications

(240 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, regarding the relationship between age and sex in patients with a recorded shock index score, King et al (11) agree and Cannon et al (12) disagree with the findings of this study. In this study, penetrating trauma was significantly related to shock index, which has been previously confirmed (4,13).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Relationship Between Shock Index and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Multiple Traumas

Shiryazdi

Mirshamsi

Ardakani

et al. 2017

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Background: Initial assessment of hemodynamic parameters and timely management of trauma patients who have hypovolemic shock are essential clinical actions, and shock index is a very accurate measurement to indicates level of occult shock. In this study of patients with multiple traumas who were referred in 2011 to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd, Iran, we evaluated the relationship between shock index and clinical outcomes. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 334 patients with multiple traumas. Patients were divided into two groups based on their shock index score (≥ 0.9 as abnormal shock index and < 0.9 as normal shock index). Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and the independent sample t-tests. Results: Significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of mean and sex distribution (P=0.001) and between patients with head and neck trauma and pelvic injuries in terms of frequency distribution (P<0.05). Hemodynamic parameters were also significantly different between the two groups (P< 0.001). Additional significant differences were observed in terms of frequency distribution of intensive care unit admission and mortality rate. Conclusion: Shock index has considerable predictive value in patients with multiple traumas. Since it is easily calculated, it can be used in the initial assessment and management of patients before any other diagnostic tests are performed. Shock index can also rapidly diagnose the real condition of trauma patients in the first hours and prevent secondary negative clinical outcomes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Relationship Between Shock Index and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Multiple Traumas

Shiryazdi

Mirshamsi

Ardakani

et al. 2017

IMMINV

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“…This was comparable to Yavuz Simsek et al [5] who found it to be 84.7 %, Patil et al [6] 93 %, Naithani et al [7] 95.83 % and Domingo et al [8] 81 % . The mean shock index (heart rate/systolic blood pressure) of the women in our study was very high (0.94 ± 0.26), while normal SI was 0.5-0.7 [9,10]. The higher the shock index, the greater the severity of shock.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Ligating Internal Iliac Artery: Success beyond Hesitation

Singh

Kishore

Saxena

2016

J Obstet Gynecol India

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Aim To study the outcomes, benefits and complications of internal iliac artery ligation in both obstetric and gynecological cases.Objective To study the outcomes, effectiveness and complications of internal iliac artery ligation (IIAL). Method This is an analytical longitudinal study done among women who have undergone internal iliac artery ligation in Dr. BRAMH a tertiary referral center from July 2013 to June 2015. Follow-up was done through color Doppler analysis of pelvic arteries before discharge, after 6 weeks and after 6 months. Result The efficacy of IIAL was 96.87 %. The mean shock index was 0.94 ± 0.26. Sixty-four women underwent IIAL out of which placenta previa (21.8 %) was the major indication. There were four maternal deaths. There were no intraoperative or ischemic complications. The greater the time interval between onset of hemorrhage and IIAL, the graver the outcome. For all women in whom uterus could be salvaged, resumption of menstrual cycles was seen within 6 months of IIAL. There was a significant decrease in the RI and PI of uterine arteries. In the ovarian arteries, there was a significant increase in RI and no significant change in PI initially. Flow in distal part of ligated internal iliac arteries could be detected in 54 (90 %) women out of 60 after 6 months of ligation of internal iliac arteries. Conclusion IIAL is an effective life-saving method to control obstetric and gynecological hemorrhage, and a hysterectomy can often be avoided. Early resort to IIAL is vital for improving the patient outcome. Uterine perfusion is well maintained, while there may be a decrease in ovarian perfusion. Resumption of menstrual cycles and presence of distal flow in internal iliac artery within 6 months suggest the preservation of future fertility; in order to better understand the impact of IIAL on ovarian functions and future fertility, larger studies with longer follow-up periods need to be conducted.

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“…The prognostic significance of the shock index was investigated in different populations of critically ill patients in the setting of trauma, surgery or sepsis. 6, 7 Nevertheless, there are only sparse data addressing the prognostic value of the shock index in patients with STEMI. 8- 10 Furthermore, the relationship of the shock index with myocardial damage has not been previously examined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shock Index as a Predictor of Myocardial Damage and Clinical Outcome in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Reinstadler

Fuernau

Eitel

et al. 2016

Circ J

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Background: Data on the prognostic value of the shock index in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are scarce. Furthermore, the relationship of the shock index with myocardial damage is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the shock index with markers of myocardial damage and clinical outcome in patients with STEMI. Methods and Results:This multicenter study analyzed 791 patients. Patients were categorized in 2 groups according to the admission shock index (optimized cut-off=0.62). Infarct severity was determined by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. Patients with cardiogenic shock that were unable to undergo CMR acquisition were excluded. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were defined as a composite of death, reinfarction and congestive heart failure within 12 months. Patients with elevated admission shock index (n=321 [40.6%]) had a significantly larger area-at-risk (37. Conclusions: STEMI patients with an elevated admission shock index had more pronounced myocardial and microvascular damage. Moreover, the shock index was independently associated with MACE at 12 months. (Circ J 2016; 80: 924 -930)

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Utility of the Shock Index in Predicting Mortality in Traumatically Injured Patients

Abstract: Trauma patients with SI >0.9 have higher mortality rates. An increase in SI from the field to the ED may predict higher mortality. The SI may be a valuable addition to other ED triage criteria currently used to activate trauma team responses.

Cited by 264 publications

References 16 publications

Relationship Between Shock Index and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Multiple Traumas

Relationship Between Shock Index and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Multiple Traumas

Ligating Internal Iliac Artery: Success beyond Hesitation

Shock Index as a Predictor of Myocardial Damage and Clinical Outcome in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

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