Utility of serum resistin in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and prediction of disease severity in term and late preterm infants

Abstract

Introduction Resistin is a proinflammatory hormone recently proposed as a sepsis biomarker. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values of this marker in neonatal sepsis. Methods This is a prospective observational study that includes 60 term and late preterm neonates with proven and possible sepsis besides 30 healthy controls. Resistin and other biomarkers, like C-reactive protein (CRP), were measured within 2 h of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Infants were monitored and the primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Results Resistin was higher among septic neonates compared with controls (P<0.001). Resistin had an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.994 for differentiating septic infants from controls. The area under the curve (AUC) for differentiating infants with culture-proven sepsis from controls was 0.999 compared with an AUC of 1 for CRP. The other markers, like platelet count, were inferior to resistin and CRP. Resistin was positively correlated with CRP [Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs)=0.55, P<0.001]. No significant differences in resistin levels were noted between survivors and non-survivors but resistin was higher among infants with severe sepsis (P=0.015) and among those who needed mechanical ventilation (P<0.001). Conclusion Resistin is useful for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Resistin failed to predict mortality but was associated with indicators of disease severity.

Red cell distribution width as a predictor of late‐onset Gram‐negative sepsis

“…A combination of several sepsis biomarkers may be more effective, and therefore, many studies have been conducted to determine a biomarker, in addition to CRP, that can be used for early diagnosis of sepsis or identification of the severity of sepsis . Automated measurement of the soluble CD14 subtype presepsin (sCD14‐ST) and many biomarkers, such as lipopolysaccharide binding protein, presepsin, resistin, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell‐1, has been shown to be useful in the diagnosis and follow up of sepsis in neonates . However, most of these biomarkers are expensive, and it is not practically possible to utilize them in many NICUs.…”

“…13,14 Automated measurement of the soluble CD14 subtype presepsin (sCD14-ST) and many biomarkers, such as lipopolysaccharide binding protein, presepsin, resistin, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1, has been shown to be useful in the diagnosis and follow up of sepsis in neonates. [13][14][15][16] However, most of these biomarkers are expensive, and it is not practically possible to utilize them in many NICUs. Because the problem is widespread, it is conceivable to search for simple and easily accessible predictive markers.…”

Serum levels of kisspeptin are elevated in critically ill patients

“…Presence of septic disease was defined according to the criteria defined in the third consensus definition of sepsis [ 14 ]. All other patients were categorized as non-septic patients [ 15 , 16 ]. Kisspeptin serum levels in critically ill patients were compared with 36 healthy blood donors.…”

“…Blood samples were collected upon admission to the ICU (prior to therapeutic interventions) as well as in the morning of Day 3 after admission. After immediate centrifugation at 2,000 g at 4°C for 10 minutes, serum and plasma aliquots of 1 mL were frozen immediately at -80°C in order to avoid repetitive freeze-thaw cycles as described previously [ 15 , 17 , 18 ]. We determined kisspeptin serum levels by using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Human Kisspeptin 1 (KISS1) ELISA Kit from Abbexa (cat.…”

“…Based on these considerations, we and others hypothesized that adipokines can serve as biomarkers for severe conditions, such as septic disease [ 15 – 19 ]. In this work, we addressed the potential clinical and prognostic relevance of kisspeptin in critical illness and/or sepsis.…”