Utility of serum des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma among Nigerians, a case–control study

Ette, Akpakip Ikpong; Ndububa, DA; Adekanle, Olusegun; Ekrikpo, Udeme

doi:10.1186/s12876-015-0344-9

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A summary of notable findings is as follows. First, both PIVKA-II and AFP levels are significantly elevated in unresectable HCC, with clear distinctive levels from healthy controls, similarly reported elsewhere ( Ette et al, 2015 ). A previous study has also reported an assessment of biomarkers between patient and control to avoid misleading interpretation ( Rutjes et al, 2005 ; Husnain et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Levels of PIVKA-II and alpha-fetoprotein in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma compared to healthy controls and predictive values of both markers with radiological responses after loco-regional interventions

Hamzah,

Kassim,

Omar

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Background The significance of the current study was to determine normative levels of PIVKA-II and AFP in patients with unresectable HCC and healthy participants. The second goal was to assess the roles of PIVKA-II and AFP in predicting radiological response after loco-regional therapy. Methods This prospective cohort study enrolled consecutive samples of HCC patients and healthy controls. Venous blood samples were obtained at baseline and after interventions to determine serum levels of PIVKA-II and AFP using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay method. Radiologic responses were determined based on the WHO criteria. Results Fifty-four HCC patients (mean age 58.9 years, 49 males) and 40 healthy controls (mean age 33.5 years, 26 males) were recruited. The median serum levels of PIVKA-II and AFP in HCC vs. healthy controls were 988.4 vs. 24.2 mAU/ml and 13.6 vs. 1.7 ng/ml, respectively (both p < 0.001). With ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) for PIVKA-II was 0.95 95% CI [0.90–0.99], and for AFP it was 0.98, 95% CI [0.95–1.0]). The cut-off value for PIVKA-II was 41.4 mAU/ml, and AFP was 4.8 ng/ml. PIVKA-II levels correlated significantly with radiological responses (r = 0.64, p = 0.02) but not AFP (r = 0.09, p = 0.2). Conclusion PIVKA-II and AFP levels are distinctive between unresectable HCC and healthy controls. However, PIVKA-II, not AFP, can predict the radiological response after loco-regional therapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Levels of PIVKA-II and alpha-fetoprotein in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma compared to healthy controls and predictive values of both markers with radiological responses after loco-regional interventions

Hamzah,

Kassim,

Omar

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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“…DCP has been reported to be more sensitive and specific than AFP for the diagnosis of HCC with a cutoff of > 40 mAU/mL[92]. However, its role in the detection of small tumors and early HCC is unclear as various studies have utilized different cutoff values for DCP and AFP[92-94]. Moreover, it has never been studied in non-cirrhotic patients.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocellular carcinoma in non-cirrhotic liver: A comprehensive review

Desai

Sandhu

Lai

et al. 2019

WJH

237

203

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, which in turns accounts for the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Despite being the 6th most common cancer it is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths. HCC typically arises in the background of cirrhosis, however, about 20% of cases can develop in a non-cirrhotic liver. This particular subgroup of HCC generally presents at an advanced stage as surveillance is not performed in a non-cirrhotic liver. HCC in non-cirrhotic patients is clinically silent in its early stages because of lack of symptoms and surveillance imaging; and higher hepatic reserve in this population. Interestingly, F3 fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections are associated with high risk of developing HCC. Even though considerable progress has been made in the management of this entity, there is a dire need for implementation of surveillance strategies in the patient population at risk, to decrease the disease burden at presentation and improve the prognosis of these patients. This comprehensive review details the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis and management of HCC in non-cirrhotic patients and provides future directions for research.

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“…Furthermore, Ette et al 40 noted the high sensitivity of des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) in African patients relative to AFP in detecting HCC (especially tumours greater than 3cm) without combining both tumour markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of Serum Glypican 3 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Control Study of Patients Seen at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

2019

JHMN

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem which has been increasing in Nigeria with a doubling in the incidence rate in the past 10 years. Current diagnosis of HCC relies on clinical information, liver imaging and measurement of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The reported sensitivity and specificity of AFP are not sufficient for early diagnosis, and so additional and more sensitive markers are needed. One of such tumor markers is serum Glypican 3 (GPC3). So, this study aimed to determine the frequency of GPC3 in apparently healthy controls and patients with HCC, comparing the diagnostic efficacy of GPC3 to AFP in HCC and to assess the diagnostic accuracy of combined AFP and GPC3 in the diagnosis of HCC.Fifty patients with clinical, radiological and/or histological features of HCC, and fifty apparently healthy controls who were HBsAg and anti-HCV negative and had normal abdominal ultrasonography scan were recruited for the study. Serum estimation of AFP and GPC-3 were done for all the subjects. The sensitivity and specificity of GPC3 was 54 % and 44% respectively based on a receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve-derived optimum cutoff level >20 ng/ml. The sensitivity and specificity of AFP were 64% and 100% at an ROC derived optimum cutoff level of 20 ng/ml. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for AFP was 0.69 and was significantly larger than that of GPC3 which was 0.42(p <0.001). The diagnostic value of GPC3 in our patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma is poor in comparison with AFP.

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Utility of serum des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma among Nigerians, a case–control study

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Levels of PIVKA-II and alpha-fetoprotein in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma compared to healthy controls and predictive values of both markers with radiological responses after loco-regional interventions

Levels of PIVKA-II and alpha-fetoprotein in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma compared to healthy controls and predictive values of both markers with radiological responses after loco-regional interventions

Hepatocellular carcinoma in non-cirrhotic liver: A comprehensive review

Diagnostic Value of Serum Glypican 3 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Control Study of Patients Seen at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

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