Utility of screening tools to differentiate beta thalassemia trait and iron-deficiency anemia - do they serve a purpose in blood donors?

Sundh, Amanpreet; Kaur, Paramjit; Palta, Anshu; Kaur, Gagandeep

doi:10.5045/br.2020.2020219

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Progressive iron overload affects multiple organs and is the leading cause of death in patients with β-thalassemia major [17]. Consistent with other studies in the literature, in our study, the serum iron level of the patient group was found to be statistically signi cantly higher than the control group [10,[18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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The Relationship Between Ghrelin and Iron Metabolism in Beta Thassemia Major Patients

Sarkaya

Kurtoğlu

Göçer

2023

Preprint

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Studies on HIF2α, hepcidin, and ferroportin molecules in beta thalassemia majör (β-TM) patients show that there are disorders in these pathways. In recent years, studies conducted in patients with iron deficiency anemia have investigated the relationship between ghrelin hormone and iron metabolism. In this study, we aimed to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of this disease by examining the changes in ghrelin hormone levels in patients with β-TM. 52 β-TM and 23 controls were included in our study. Cell blood counts, biochemical parameters, HIF2α, hepcidin and ghrelin levels were studied from blood samples taken from the volunteers. Serum HIF2α, hepcidin and ghrelin levels were measured by ELISA method. Erythrocyte indexs, serum total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, total iron binding capacity and ferritin levels showed significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in serum HIF2α and hepcidin levels. When the patient group and healthy controls were compared, serum ghrelin levels were found to be significantly higher in the patient group (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between serum ghrelin and ferritin levels in the patient group (r = 0.401) (p < 0.05). It suggested that high ghrelin levels may have an important role in the regulation of impaired iron metabolism in patients with β-TM. The positive correlation between serum ghrelin levels and ferritin suggested that serum iron may have an important role in ghrelin synthesis, and that increased ghrelin levels may be a factor that increases ferritin synthesis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In beta thalassemia major disease, ineffective erythropoiesis and hemolytic anemia occur as a result of imbalance in globin chain ratio and precipitation of unpaired chains [10,11]. In thalassemia major, RBC indices show hypochromic microcytic anemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Ghrelin and Iron Metabolism in Beta Thassemia Major Patients

Sarkaya

Kurtoğlu

Göçer

2023

Preprint

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“…21 Alam et al also found more or less similar results. 18 When compared with other hematological indices used to differentiate between the two important causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia, Mentzer index has proved to be most reliable in a study conducted by Vehapoglu A et al 22 Similar results were also documented by Sundh A et al 23 In brief, important differential diagnoses of microcytic hypochromic anemia are iron deficiency anemia and beta thalassemia. Both of these necessitate specific tests for confirmation which are not only expensive but also not easily available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Role of Mentzer index for differentiating iron deficiency anemia and beta thalassemia trait in pregnant women

Tabassum

Khakwani²,

Fayyaz³

et al. 2022

Pak J Med Sci

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Objective: To observe the role of Mentzer index for differentiating iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and beta thalassemia trait (β TT) in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Gynaecology & Obstetrics Department of Nishtar Medical University from October 2020 to March 2021. Non-consecutive sampling was applied. A total of 100 antenatal ladies with hemoglobin <11 gm/dl were included. Their complete blood counts were checked and Mentzer Index was calculated. Mentzer Index <13 points to diagnosis of β TT and >13 indicates IDA. The diagnoses were confirmed by serum iron studies and Hb electrophoresis. The sensitivity and specificity of Mentzer Index for both causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia was calculated. Results: Out of total 100 patients with microcytic hypochromic anemia, 87 had Mentzer Index >13 and IDA was confirmed in 86 out of 87 cases. Thirteen cases had Mentzer Index <13 and β TT was confirmed in eight of them. Thus, Mentzer Index has a sensitivity and specificity of 91% & 83% for IDA and 83% & 91% for β TT. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that Mentzer Index can be used as a discriminatory test to differentiate between iron deficiency anemia and beta thalassemia trait. The high risk group can then be subjected to definitive diagnostic tests. This can result in better patient compliance and cost effectiveness. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.4635 How to cite this:Tabassum S, Khakwani M, Fayyaz A, Taj N. Role of Mentzer index for differentiating iron deficiency anemia and beta thalassemia trait in pregnant women. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.4635 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…In a small study in Malaysia, 13 out of 80 blood donors had a type of minor β-thalassemia [ 40 ]. Thalassemia screening of blood donors could have another benefit—informing donors of their trait status could help prevent the birth of babies with severe hemoglobinopathies [ 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Microcytic RBCs have been named as a production challenge for platelet and plasma production as well [ 40 ].…”

Section: Red Blood Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Understanding of the Relationship between Blood Donor Variability and Blood Component Quality

Hadjesfandiari

Khorshidfar

Devine

2021

IJMS

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While differences among donors has long challenged meeting quality standards for the production of blood components for transfusion, only recently has the molecular basis for many of these differences become understood. This review article will examine our current understanding of the molecular differences that impact the quality of red blood cells (RBC), platelets, and plasma components. Factors affecting RBC quality include cytoskeletal elements and membrane proteins associated with the oxidative response as well as known enzyme polymorphisms and hemoglobin variants. Donor age and health status may also be important. Platelet quality is impacted by variables that are less well understood, but that include platelet storage sensitive metabolic parameters, responsiveness to agonists accumulating in storage containers and factors affecting the maintenance of pH. An increased understanding of these variables can be used to improve the quality of blood components for transfusion by using donor management algorithms based on a donors individual molecular and genetic profile.

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Utility of screening tools to differentiate beta thalassemia trait and iron-deficiency anemia - do they serve a purpose in blood donors?

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

The Relationship Between Ghrelin and Iron Metabolism in Beta Thassemia Major Patients

The Relationship Between Ghrelin and Iron Metabolism in Beta Thassemia Major Patients

Role of Mentzer index for differentiating iron deficiency anemia and beta thalassemia trait in pregnant women

Current Understanding of the Relationship between Blood Donor Variability and Blood Component Quality

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