Utility of nonwovens in the production of integrated electrical circuits via printing conductive inks

Karaguzel, B.; Merritt, Carey; Kang, Tae Jin; Wilson, John; Nagle, H. Troy; Grant, Edward; Pourdeyhimi, B.

doi:10.1080/00405000701547748

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Two common modalities of measuring electrical properties of prints are sheet resistance and time domain reflectometry. Such investigations have been performed on prints on fabric by [8,27,28] (sheet resistance) and [28,29] (time domain reflectometry). However, in the application of electrodes, the print is in contact with an electrolyte which adds a frequency dependency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of screen printed electrocardiography smartware electrodes investigated in an electro-chemical cell

Rattfält

Björefors

Nilsson³

et al. 2013

BioMedical Engineering OnLine

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BackgroundECG (Electrocardiogram) measurements in home health care demands new sensor solutions. In this study, six different configurations of screen printed conductive ink electrodes have been evaluated with respect to electrode potential variations and electrode impedance.MethodsThe electrode surfaces consisted of a Ag/AgCl-based ink with a conduction line of carbon or Ag-based ink underneath. On top, a lacquer layer was used to define the electrode area and to cover the conduction lines. Measurements were performed under well-defined electro-chemical conditions in a physiologic saline solution.ResultsThe results showed that all printed electrodes were stable and have a very small potential drift (less than 3 mV/30 min). The contribution to the total impedance was 2% of the set maximal allowed impedance (maximally 1 kΩ at 50 Hz), assuming common values of input impedance and common mode rejection ratio of a regular amplifier.ConclusionOur conclusions are that the tested electrodes show satisfying properties to be used as elements in a skin electrode design that could be suitable for further investigations by applying the electrodes on the skin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of screen printed electrocardiography smartware electrodes investigated in an electro-chemical cell

Rattfält

Björefors

Nilsson³

et al. 2013

BioMedical Engineering OnLine

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“…We propose in what follows to illustrate this approach and show its relevance. Indeed, we will exploit some experimental results relating to printed transmission lines with various conductive inks onto nonwovens substrate [17] [19]. The electrical properties of these fabrics have demonstrated the relevance of the application of such systems as sensors to collect vital signals relating to human subjects [2].…”

Section: Application To Printed Circuit Onto Nonwovenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, based on the Kachanov damage [16], the purpose is to propose a model which allows to monitor the damage of printed electric circuits onto nonwoven substrate using different conductive inks for wearable electronic textile applications [17] [18]. The printed nonwoven substrate is exposed to numerous wash cycles to determine the durability properties.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Electrical Stability of Nonwovens with Conductive Circuits Using Printed Conductive Inks

Maarouf¹,

Chahid²,

Ouarch³

2015

JTST

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In this work, we study the stability of a class of materials obtained by printing a textile with conductive inks using a method called screen printing. Under the action of a certain external factors, the printed circuit suffers deterioration and the conductivity decreases considerably. In this work, we propose to model the overall damage of the textile sheet in terms of the partial damages of the conductive lines. We also apply this approach to evaluate the damage of a system being made of transmission lines printed into nonwoven substrates using different conductive inks.

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“…The physical characteristics of conductive ink (conductivity, viscosity, adherence, etc.) and post printing processes are known to be critical factors for successful printing of antennas [9]. Printed on flexible polymeric substrates, wearable antennas reduce the weight and bulkiness of the applicator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and analysis of a conformal patch antenna for a wearable breast hyperthermia treatment system

Curto

Ramasamy

Suh

et al. 2015

Energy-Based Treatment of Tissue and Assessment VIII

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To overcome the limitations of currently available clinical hyperthermia systems which are based on rigid waveguide antennas, a wearable microwave hyperthermia system is presented. A light wearable system can improve patient comfort and be located in close proximity to the breast, thereby enhancing energy deposition and reducing power requirements. The objective of this work was to design and assess the feasibility of a conformal patch antenna element of an array system to be integrated into a wearable hyperthermia bra. The feasibility of implementing antennas with silver printed ink technology on flexible substrates was evaluated. A coupled electromagnetic-bioheat transfer solver and a hemispheric heterogeneous numerical breast phantom were used to design and optimize a 915 MHz patch antenna. The optimization goals were device miniaturization, operating bandwidth, enhanced energy deposition pattern in targets, and reduced Efield back radiation. The antenna performance was evaluated for devices incorporating a hemispheric conformal groundplane and a rectangular groundplane configuration. Simulated results indicated a stable -10 dB return loss bandwidth of 88 MHz for both the conformal and rectangular groundplane configurations. Considering applied power levels restricted to 15 W, treatment volumes (T>41° C) and depth from the skin surface were 11.32 cm 3 and 27.94 mm, respectively, for the conformal groundplane configuration, and 2.79 cm 3 and 19.72 mm, respectively, for the rectangular groundplane configuration. E-field back-radiation reduced by 85.06% for the conformal groundplane compared to the rectangular groundplane configuration. A prototype antenna with rectangular groundplane was fabricatd and experimentally evaluated. The groundplane was created by printing silver ink (Metalon JS-B25P) on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film surface. Experiments revealed stable antenna performance for power levels up to 15.3 W. In conclusion, the proposed patch antenna with conformal groundplane and prined ink technology shows promising performance to be integrated in a clinical array system.

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Utility of nonwovens in the production of integrated electrical circuits via printing conductive inks

Cited by 33 publications

References 10 publications

Properties of screen printed electrocardiography smartware electrodes investigated in an electro-chemical cell

Properties of screen printed electrocardiography smartware electrodes investigated in an electro-chemical cell

Investigation of Electrical Stability of Nonwovens with Conductive Circuits Using Printed Conductive Inks

Design and analysis of a conformal patch antenna for a wearable breast hyperthermia treatment system

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