Utility of animal gastrointestinal motility and transit models in functional gastrointestinal disorders

Koun

Animal Cells and Systems

et al. 2021

Constipation is a common disease that reduces life quality. Drugs of various mechanisms are being developed to resolve this affliction. Intestinal motility can be easily monitored in zebrafish, and so we selected this organism to develop a constipation model to measure drug-induced prokinetic effects. In this study, intestinal motility was monitored in zebrafish by tracking intestinal transit using fluorescence, after which an opioid-induced constipation model was established using loperamide. We then evaluated the prokinetic effect of diatrizoate meglumine (Gastrografin®), which has been empirically used to treat post-operative ileus or adhesive small bowel obstructions. Diatrizoate meglumine was effective in promoting bowel movements in an opioid-induced zebrafish constipation model and its prokinetic effect was associated with an increased expression of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) markers. Therefore, the loperamide-induced zebrafish constipation model developed herein is a promising tool to evaluate novel constipation therapies.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prokinetic effects of diatrizoate meglumine (Gastrografin®) in a zebrafish for opioid-induced constipation model

Koun

Animal Cells and Systems

et al. 2021

“…The small experimental animal Suncus murinus, also known as the Asian house shrew and referred to as 'suncus' in a laboratory context, is useful for research on GI motility (4), and detailed physiological and pharmacological experiments using this animal have expanded our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms controlling GI contractions (5). The time intervals of MMC cycles in freely moving, fasted S. murinus are similar to those observed in humans and dogs (90-120 min) (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The inhibitory effect of somatostatin on gastric motility in <i>Suncus murinus</i>

Sekiya

Yokota

Takemi

et al. 2020

J. Smooth Muscle Res.

Self Cite

Gastric contractions show two specific patterns in many species, migrating motor contractions (MMC) and postprandial contractions (PPCs), that occur in the fasted and fed states, respectively. In this study, we examined the role of somatostatin (SST) in gastric motility both in vivo and in vitro using the Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus). We performed in vivo recordings of gastric motility and in vitro organ bath experiments using S. murinus, which was recently established as a small laboratory animal for use in tests of gastrointestinal motility. SST (1.65 µg kg −1 min −1) was intravenously administered during phase II of MMC and PPCs. Next, the effect of SST on motilin-induced gastric contractions at phase I of MMC was measured. Cyclosomatostatin (CSST), an SST receptor antagonist, was administered at the peak of phase III of MMC. In addition, the effect of SST (10 −11-10 −9 M) on motilin-induced gastric contractions was evaluated using an organ bath experiment in vitro. In conscious, free-moving S. murinus, the administration of SST decreased the occurrence of the spontaneous phase II of MMC and PPCs. Pretreatment with SST and octreotide suppressed the induction of motilin-induced gastric contractions both in vivo and in vitro. Administration of CSST before the peak of spontaneous phase III contractions had no effect on gastric contractions. Endogenous SST is not involved in the regulation of gastric MMC and PPCs, but exogenous SST suppresses spontaneous gastric contractions. Thus, SST would be good for treating abnormal gastrointestinal motility disorders.

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

“…Gastric emptying is the process by which food is pushed from the stomach into the duodenum. The gastric emptying rate can reflect the quality of gastric motility (Al-Saffar et al, 2019). The delay of gastric emptying is closely related to gastrointestinal motility (Kusano et al, 2014).…”

Section: Comparison Of Gastrointestinal Motility Of Rats In Each Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the improving effect of raw and charred hawthorn on functional dyspepsia based on interstitial cells of Cajal

Zhang²,

Liang³

et al. 2022

BackgroundRaw hawthorn (RH) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to treat indigestion. Charred hawthorn (CH) is obtained from RH by charring. It is reported that the effect of CH treatment on dyspepsia is stronger than RH. However, this has not been fully proven. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of RH and CH on functional dyspepsia (FD) model rats. And contribute to the development of dietary therapy for dyspepsia.MethodsSPF-grade male SD rats were divided into 5 groups: the control group, the model group, the Mos group, the RH group, and the CH group. The FD rat model was established by using the methods of water restriction, fasting, tilting cage restraint, day and night upside down, swimming, and tail damping. The body weight of rats in each group was recorded. And the gastric emptying rate, intestinal propulsive rate, and the levels of motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), and 5-HT in serum were compared in each group. The expression of C-kit in the stomach and small intestine of each group was compared by immunofluorescence and PCR.ResultsRH and CH could increase weight, improve the gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsive rate, and promote the secretion of motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), and 5-HT in the serum of FD rats. RH and CH can upregulate the expression of the characteristic protein c-kit of ICC in the stomach and small intestine of FD model rats, and the effect of CH is stronger than RH.ConclusionRH and CH may increase the number of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the gastrointestinal tract by upregulating c-kit expression, thus improving gastrointestinal motility in FD model rats. And compared with RH, CH has certain advantages.