Utility and Reliability of Cemented Resistivity Arrays in Monitoring Waterflood of the Mansfield Sandstone, Indiana, USA

Bryant, Ian; Chen, M.-Y.; Raghuraman, B.; Raw, Ian; Delhomme, J.P.; Chouzenoux, C.; Pohl, D.; Manin, Y.; Rioufol, E.; Oddie, Gary; Swager, D.; Smith, J.

doi:10.2523/71710-ms

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…(For this production rate, 50 m of movement of the water front represents approximately 100 days of production). The measured potential is well above the expected noise level of 0.1 -1 mV [Bryant et al, 2001], even when the water front is more than 200 m from the borehole. These values compare with maximum streaming potentials calculated by Wurmstich and Morgan [1994] of 32.8 mV for one-phase flow and 63.4 mV for two-phase flow.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

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A new numerical model of electrokinetic potential response during hydrocarbon recovery

Saunders

Jackson

Pain

2006

Geophysical Research Letters

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We present results from a new numerical model capable of simulating two‐phase flow in a porous medium and the electrical potentials arising due to electrokinetic phenomena. We suggest that, during water‐flood of an initially oil‐filled reservoir, encroaching water causes changes in the electrokinetic potential at the production well which could be resolved above background electrical noise; indeed, water approaching the well could be detected several 10's to 100's of meters away. The magnitude of the measured potential depends upon the production rate, the coupling between fluid and electrical potentials, and the nature of the front between the displaced oil and the displacing water.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…[3] Since this work was published, downhole electrodes in cemented arrays, mounted at the production well on the outside of insulated casing, have been successfully applied in subsurface resistivity surveys during oil production [e.g., Bryant et al, 2001]. Similar technology could be used to measure electrokinetic potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new numerical model of electrokinetic potential response during hydrocarbon recovery

Saunders

Jackson

Pain

2006

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…In all these production scenarios, the downhole electrodes could also be used to measure resistivity, which may yield additional information to aid in characterizing flow (e.g. Bryant et al, 2001;2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Measurements of Spontaneous Potential for Inflow Monitoring in Intelligent Wells

et al. 2010

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Spontaneous potential (SP) is routinely measured using wireline tools during reservoir characterization. However, SP signals are also generated during hydrocarbon production, because of gradients in the water phase pressure (relative to hydrostatic), chemical composition and temperature. We suggest that measurements of SP during production, using electrodes permanently installed downhole, could be used to detect water encroaching on a well while it is several tens to hundreds of meters away. We simulate numerically the SP generated during production from a single vertical well, with pressure support provided by water injection. We vary the production rate, and the temperature and salinity of the injected water, to vary the contribution of the different components of the SP signal. We also vary the values of the so-called 'coupling coefficients' which relate gradients in fluid potential, salinity and temperature, to gradients in electrical potential. The values of these coupling coefficients at reservoir conditions are poorly constrained. We demonstrate that the SP signal peaks at the location of the moving waterfront, where there are steep gradients in water saturation and salinity. The signal decays with distance from the front, typically over several tens to hundreds of meters; hence the encroaching water can be detected before it arrives at the well. The SP signal at the well is dominated by the electrokinetic and electrochemical components arising from gradients in fluid potential and salinity. Larger signals will be obtained in low permeability reservoirs produced at high rate, saturated with formation brine of low salinity, or with brine of a very different salinity from that injected.

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“…A continuous space and time-domain data-stream is now available to conduct real-time monitoring of the variation of fluid flow parameters resulting from production (or injection) schedules. Prototypes of permanent sensors have also been constructed for behind-casing deployment 9 . When commercially available, in-situ sensors will offer the means of delivering real-time images of the spatial distribution of petrophysical properties not only in the proximity of a well but also between existing wells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The petrophysical information inferred through the interpretation of in-situ sensor data could be utilized in applications such as opening or closing of production intervals in response to the breakthrough of unwanted fluids, or in the early detection of an advancing water front prior to breakthrough. Permanently deployed resistivity arrays have been successfully tested to monitor fluid movement at the near and far-field reservoir scale 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Sensitivity Studies for the Joint Inversion of Pressure and DC Resistivity Measurements Acquired with In-Situ Permanent Sensors

et al. 2002

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractIn-situ permanent sensors allow the possibility of monitoring in real time dynamic changes in formation properties due to primary or enhanced hydrocarbon recovery. A feedback loop can be enforced in response to in-situ permanent sensor data to optimally control the recovery of hydrocarbon assets. Prototypes of in-situ permanent sensors include pressure gauges, acoustic geophones, and direct-current (DC) resistivity electrodes.In the past, quantitative studies have been performed to assess the value of in-situ permanent pressure data to mapping permeability variations in close proximity to the sensor deployment 1 . Malinverno and Torres-Verdín 2 on the other hand, have described a procedure to estimate water invasion profiles using in-situ DC resistivity sensors. However, to date little is known about the possibility of estimating petrophysical variables that jointly honor pressure and DC resistivity data acquired with in-situ permanent sensors. The two types of data s ense different and complementary components of the underlying petrophysical model, and it seems appropriate to develop a quantitative estimation procedure that can assimilate the best elements of the two types of measurements. In this paper, we develop a methodology to jointly invert pressure and DC resistivity data acquired with in-situ permanent sensors in a hypothetical water injection experiment. Time-variable flow rates are enforced while injecting water into the surrounding rock formations, hence producing a sequence of repeated pressure pulses. The objective of the experiment is to estimate permeabilities, porosities, and fluid distributions that honor (a) sensor data acquired during a single pressure pulse, and (b) a more complete time record of pressure data acquired starting from the early stages of water injection. Our inversion results shed new light to the independent and joint sensitivity of noisy pressure and DC resistivity data to detecting dynamic perturbations of petrophysical properties. Examples of inversion are used to assess the relative benefits of different types of sensor deployments.

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Utility and Reliability of Cemented Resistivity Arrays in Monitoring Waterflood of the Mansfield Sandstone, Indiana, USA

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

A new numerical model of electrokinetic potential response during hydrocarbon recovery

A new numerical model of electrokinetic potential response during hydrocarbon recovery

Real-Time Measurements of Spontaneous Potential for Inflow Monitoring in Intelligent Wells

Numerical Sensitivity Studies for the Joint Inversion of Pressure and DC Resistivity Measurements Acquired with In-Situ Permanent Sensors

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