Utilising the Synergy between Plants and Rhizosphere Microorganisms to Enhance Breakdown of Organic Pollutants in the Environment (15 pp)

Chaudhry, Qasim; Blom-Zandstra, M.; Gupta, Satish Kumar; Joner, Erik J.

doi:10.1065/espr2004.08.213

Cited by 447 publications

(273 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…Most of these chemicals are of great environmental concern due to the known or potential genotoxicity and carcinogenicity, such as benzo[a]-pyrene. Numerous studies have focused on the fate and transport of these chemicals (Moon et al 2003, Palm et al 2004 and application of remedial technologies to manage those (Iturbe et al 2004, Chaudhry et al 2005, Trably & Patureau 2006. Due to the different intrinsic physicochemical properties of individual PAHs, such as solubility, vapor pressure and lipophilicity, they tend to interact to different extents with sediments, SPM, and biota (Broman et al 1996 1997, Zhou & Maskaoui 2003), and are subject to various transformation processes including chemical transformation, biodegradation and photochemical degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning characteristics of PAHs between sediment and water in a shallow lake

2007

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tory conditions, suggesting that the measured pore water PAH concentrations were lower than those predicted. That is to say, not all the sediment PAHs can be available to partition rapidly into sediment pore waters. A variation in soot content is a possible reason. Furthermore, concentrations of PAHs on SPM were higher than those in sediments. The compositions of PAHs on SPM and in sediments were similar, indicating the importance of re-suspension process of sediments in the partitioning process of the shallow lake. Conclusions. The results indicated the equilibrium partitioning model could be used to predict PAHs distribution in various phases of a shallow lake in the stagnation period, but re-suspension processes should be considered to modify the relationship between log K oc s and log K ow s. Recommendations and Perspectives. Concentration, particle size and composition of resuspended particles could affect the relationship between log K oc s and log K ow s. Further work should be done under field conditions, especially where a steady thermodynamic equilibrium state could be assumed.Keywords: Aquatic ecosystems; China; freshwater lake; K ow ; PAHs; partitioning; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; shallow lake; SPM; surface sediments; suspended particulate matter; Taihu Lake; water quality AbstractGoal, Scope and Background. Distribution of hydrophobic organic contaminants in abiotic compartments is essential for describing their transfer and fate in aquatic ecosystems. Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater lake in China. Water quality of Taihu Lake has deteriorated greatly during the last decades and has threatened the water supply. The aim of the present study was to investigate the partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) among overlying water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), sediments, and pore water in Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake and to provide useful information for the ecological engineering in this area. Materials and Methods. Overlying water and surface sediment were sampled from six sites in Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake, China. Within 72 h of sampling, sediments were centrifuged to obtain the pore water. Overlying water samples were filtered to separate dissolved and SPM samples. After extraction, samples were purified following a clean-up procedure. PAH fraction was obtained by elution with a mixture of hexane: DCM (7:3, V/V) and analyzed by GC/MS. Results. PAHs concentrations in overlying water varied from 37.5 ng/L to 183.5 ng/L. Concentrations of PAHs in pore water were higher than those in overlying water. The total concentrations of 16 priority PAHs in sediments ranged from 2091.8 ng/ g-dw to 4094.4 ng/g-dw. PAHs concentrations on SPM were decreased with suspended solid concentrations (SSC). Total PAHs concentrations on SPM varied in the range of 3369.6 ng/g-dw to 7531.1 ng/g-dw. The partition coefficients between sediment and overlying water (log K oc ) for PAHs with log K ow <5 were positively correlated with their octanol-water partition coefficients (log K ow ) (n=39, r=0....

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning characteristics of PAHs between sediment and water in a shallow lake

2007

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“…The presence of vegetation is known to enhance microbial populations within soil (see reviews by Hutchinson, 2003, Wenzel, 2008and Khan et al, 2013 and accordingly to improve degradation of soil contaminants due to co-metabolic processes (Chaudhry et al, 2005;Gaskin et al, 2008). For example, higher counts of culturable microbes and actinomycetes were found in vegetated soil when compared to un-vegetated soil, coupled with a 15.6% decrease in final TPH concentrations (Liste and Felgentreu, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in other studies, contaminant degradation was found to be higher in plants that showed slight signs of stress and growth depression (Philips et al, 2009;Liste and Felgentreu, 2006). It appears that, for at least some species, moderately stressful conditions augment effective phytoremediation due to stress stimulated chemical release, which increases microbial populations and promotes the level of hydrocarbon degradation (Kamath et al, 2004;Chaudhry et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation of hydrocarbon contaminants in subantarctic soils: An effective management option

Bramley-Alves

Wasley

King

et al. 2014

Journal of Environmental Management

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Accidental fuel spills on world heritage subantarctic Macquarie Island have caused considerable contamination. Due to the island's high latitude position, its climate, and its fragile ecosystem, traditional methods of remediation are unsuitable for on-site clean up. We investigated the tolerance of a subantarctic native tussock grass, Poa foliosa (Hook. f.), to Special Antarctic Blend (SAB) diesel fuel and its potential to reduce SAB fuel contamination via phytoremediation. Toxicity of SAB fuel to P. foliosa was assessed in an 8 month laboratory growth trial under growth conditions which simulated the island's environment. Single seedlings were planted into 1 L pots of soil spiked with SAB fuel at concentrations of 1000, 5 000, 10 000, 2000 and 40 000 mg/kg (plus control). Plants were harvested at 0, 2, 4 and 8 months and a range of plant productivity endpoints were measured (biomass production, plant morphology and photosynthetic efficiency). Poa foliosa was highly tolerant across all SAB fuel concentrations tested with respect to biomass, although higher concentrations of 20 000 and 40 000 mg SAB/kg soil caused slight reductions in leaf length, width and area. To assess the phytoremediation potential of P. foliosa (to 10 000 mg/kg), soil from the planted pots was compared with that from paired unplanted pots at each SAB fuel concentration. The effect of the plant on SAB fuel concentrations and the associated microbial communities found within the soil (total heterotrophs and hydrocarbon degraders) were compared between planted and unplanted treatments at the 0, 2, 4 and 8 month harvest periods. The presence of plants resulted in significantly less SAB fuel in soils at 2 months and a return to background concentration by 8 months. Microbes did not appear to be the sole driving force behind the observed hydrocarbon loss. This study provides evidence that phytoremediation using P. foliosa is a valuable remediation option for use at Macquarie Island, and may be applicable to the management of fuel spills in other cold climate regions. AbstractAccidental fuel spills on world heritage subantarctic Macquarie Island have caused considerable contamination. Due to the island's high latitude position, its climate, and its fragile ecosystem, traditional methods of remediation are unsuitable for on-site clean up. We investigated the tolerance of a subantarctic native tussock grass, Poa foliosa (Hook. f.), to Special Antarctic Blend (SAB) diesel fuel and its potential to reduce SAB fuel contamination via phytoremediation. Toxicity of SAB fuel to P. foliosa was assessed in an 8 month laboratory growth trial under growth conditions which simulated the island's environment. Single seedlings were planted into 1 L pots of soil spiked with SAB fuel at concentrations of 1 000, 5 000, 10 000, 20 00 and 40 000 mg/kg (plus control). Plants were harvested at 0, 2, 4 and 8 months and a range of plant productivity endpoints were measured (biomass production, plant morphology and photosynthetic efficiency). Poa foliosa was highl...

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“…The negative environmental impacts and high costs associated with excavating and transporting contaminated soils for off-site processing and treatment have led the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) to abandon dig-and-haul methods in favour of implementing alternative onsite in situ remediation techniques [2,3]. The in situ techniques utilised on subantarctic Macquarie Island include injection of nutrients and aeration into the soils, both of which promote natural attenuation by encouraging hydrocarbon-degrading microbes [3,[10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of hydrocarbons from a diesel fuel on the germination and early growth of subantarctic plants

Macoustra

King

Wasley

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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. (2015). Impact of hydrocarbons from a diesel fuel on the germination and early growth of subantarctic plants. Environmental Science Processes and Impacts, 17 (7), 1238-1248. Impact of hydrocarbons from a diesel fuel on the germination and early growth of subantarctic plants AbstractSpecial Antarctic Blend (SAB) is a diesel fuel dominated by aliphatic hydrocarbons that is commonly used in Antarctic and subantarctic regions. The past and present use of SAB fuel at Australia's scientific research stations has resulted in multiple spills, contaminating soils in these pristine areas. Despite this, no soil quality guidelines or remediation targets have been developed for the region, primarily due to the lack of established indigenous test species and subsequent biological effects data. In this study, twelve plant species native to subantarctic regions were collected from Macquarie Island and evaluated to determine their suitably for use in laboratory-based toxicity testing, using germination success and seedling growth (shoot and root length) as endpoints. Two soil types (low and high organic carbon (OC)) were investigated to reflect the variable OC content found in soils on Macquarie Island. These soils were spiked with SAB fuel and aged for 14 days to generate a concentration series of SAB-contaminated soils. Exposure doses were quantified as the concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH, nC9-nC18) on a soil dry mass basis. Seven species successfully germinated on control soils under laboratory conditions, and four of these species (Colobanthus muscoides Hook.f., Deschampsia chapmanii Petrie, Epilobium pendunculare A.Cunn. and Luzula crinita Hook.f.) showed a dose-dependent inhibition of germination when exposed to SAB-contaminated soils. Contaminated soils with low OC were generally more toxic to plants than high organic carbon soils. Increasing soil-TPH concentrations significantly inhibited shoot and root growth, and root length was identified as the most sensitive endpoint. Although the test species were tolerant to SAB-contaminated soils in germination assays, development of early life stages (up to 28 days) were generally more sensitive indicator of exposure effects, and may be more useful endpoints for future testing. Disciplines Medicine and Health Sciences | Social and Behavioral Sciences Publication DetailsMacoustra, G. K., King, C. K., Wasley, J., Robinson, S. A. & Jolley, D. F. (2015). Impact of hydrocarbons from a diesel fuel on the germination and early growth of subantarctic plants. Environmental Science Processes and Impacts, 17 (7) Keywords: total petroleum hydrocarbons, total organic carbon, monocots, dicots, germination, root and shoot growth. 2 ABSTRACTSpecial Antarctic Blend (SAB) is a diesel fuel dominated by aliphatic hydrocarbons that is commonly used in Antarctic and subantarctic regions. The past and present use of SAB fuel at Australia's scientific research stations has resulted in multiple spills, contaminating soils in these pristine areas. Despite this, no soil quality guidel...

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Utilising the Synergy between Plants and Rhizosphere Microorganisms to Enhance Breakdown of Organic Pollutants in the Environment (15 pp)

Abstract: A better knowledge of plant-microbial interactions will provide a basis for improving the efficacy of biological remediations. Further research is, however, needed to investigate different feedback mechanisms that select and regulate microbial activity in the rhizosphere.

Cited by 447 publications

References 144 publications

Partitioning characteristics of PAHs between sediment and water in a shallow lake

Partitioning characteristics of PAHs between sediment and water in a shallow lake

Phytoremediation of hydrocarbon contaminants in subantarctic soils: An effective management option

Impact of hydrocarbons from a diesel fuel on the germination and early growth of subantarctic plants

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