Utilising Differences in Rooting Depth to Design Vegetable Crop Rotations With High Nitrogen Use Efficiency (Nue)

Thorup‐Kristensen, Kristian

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2002.571.30

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Reduced N losses and an improved NUE may be achieved by matching crop root growth to soil N depth distribution (Thorup‐Kristensen, 2002). Theoretical considerations (Thorup‐Kristensen, 2002) as well as model simulation studies (Thorup‐Kristensen & Nielsen, 1998) show that deep‐rooted crops should be grown in positions within the rotation where much N is available in deeper soil layers, and shallow‐rooted crops preferably where little N is available in deeper soil layers. The amount of available N in deeper soil layers is the product of factors such as recent cropping history, precipitation surplus and soil texture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root growth and nitrogen uptake of carrot, early cabbage, onion and lettuce following a range of green manures

Thorup‐Kristensen¹

2006

Soil Use and Management

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An experiment was performed to study the significance of rooting depth of four vegetable crops on their utilization of green manure nitrogen (N). Rates of rooting depth development were estimated as approximately 0.2, 0.7, 1.2 and 1.2 mm day °C−1 for onion, carrot, lettuce and cabbage, respectively. At harvest, onion and lettuce were found to be shallow‐rooted with final rooting depths of only 0.3 and 0.6 m, respectively, whereas carrot and cabbage reached rooting depths of at least 1.1 m. The two deep‐rooted vegetables increased their N uptake by 46, 24 and 7 kg N ha−1 when following winter‐hardy legumes, non‐hardy legumes and rye, respectively; the equivalent responses by the two shallow‐rooted crops were 23, 9 and 15 kg N ha−1, respectively. Thus the deep‐rooted crops used the legume N more efficiently but the shallow‐rooted crops made better use of N left by the non‐legume rye crop. These interactions between green manure type and vegetable crop N response are the result of the dual effects of the green manures: biological N fixation by the legumes, and the variable ability of the green manure crops to concentrate available N in the topsoil. Before shallow‐rooted crops, the ability of rye to concentrate N in the topsoil may be as important as the N fixing ability of legumes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root growth and nitrogen uptake of carrot, early cabbage, onion and lettuce following a range of green manures

Thorup‐Kristensen¹

2006

Soil Use and Management

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“…Fertilizer recommendations are embodied in decision rules, which prescribe a recommended nitrogen dose as a function of site-year characteristics available at the time the fertilizer decision is made. Many different decision rules can be and have been proposed (Rèmy and Hébert, 1977;Wehrmann et al, 1988;de Willigen, 1991;Jeuffroy and Recous, 1999;Thorup-Kristensen, 2002), and it is important to be able to choose the most appropriate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balance sheet method assessment for nitrogen fertilization in winter wheat: II. alternative strategies using the CropSyst simulation model

Bellocchi¹,

Donatelli²,

Monotti³

et al. 2006

Ital J Agronomy

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It is important, both for farmer profit and for the environment, to correctly dose fertilizer nitrogen (N) for winter wheat growth. Balance-sheet methods are often used to calculate the recommended dose of N fertilizer. Other methods are based on the dynamic simulation of cropping systems. Aim of the work was to evaluate the balance-sheet method set up by the Region Emilia-Romagna (DPI), by comparing it with the cropping systems simulation model CropSyst (CS), and with an approach based on fixed supplies of N (T). A 3-year trial was structured as a series of N fertility regimes at 3 sites (Papiano di Marsciano, Ravenna, San Pancrazio). The N-regimes were generated at each site-year as separate trials in which 3 N rates were applied: N1 (DPI), N2 (DPI+50 kg ha-1 N at spike initiation), N3 (DPI + 50 kg ha-1 N at early booting). Above ground biomass and soil data (NO3-N and water) were sampled and used to calibrate CS. Doses of fertilizer N were calculated by both DPI and CS for winter wheat included in three typical rotations for Central and Northern Italy. Both these methods and method T were simulated at each site over 50 years, by using daily generated weather data. The long-term simulation allowed evaluating such alternative fertilization strategies. DPI and CS estimated comparable crop yields and N leached amounts, and both resulted better than T. Minor risk of leaching emerged for all N doses. The N2 and N3 rates allowed slightly higher crop yields than N1

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“…Root depths were negatively correlated with NO 3 − leaching, and thus, rotations including crops with different root depths were good choices to improve N use efficiency and at the same time reduce nitrate leaching [91]. Deep-rooted crops (e.g., pumpkin, tomato) alternating with shallower-rooted ones (e.g., lettuce, broccoli) explore the entire profile and bring up nutrients from deeper layers that might otherwise be lost from the system [92]. Differences in plant rooting patterns including root density and root branching at different soil depths also result in more efficient extraction of nutrients from all soil layers when a series of different crops is grown.…”

Section: Crop Rotationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Related Diffuse Pollution from Horticulture Production—Mitigation Practices and Assessment Strategies

Cameira

Mota

2017

Horticulturae

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Abstract:Agriculture is considered one of the main nitrogen (N) pollution sources through the diffuse emissions of ammonia (NH 3 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) to the atmosphere and nitrate (NO 3 − ) to water bodies. The risk is particularly high in horticultural production systems (HPS), where the use of water and fertilizers is intensive and concentrated in space and time, and more specifically, in the case of vegetable crops that have high growth rates, demanding an abundant supply of water and nitrogen forms. Therefore, to comply with the EU environmental policies aimed at reducing diffuse pollution in agriculture, there is the need for mitigation practices or strategies acting at different levels such as the source, the timing and the transport of N. HPS are often well suited for improvement practices, but efficient and specific tools capable of describing and quantifying N losses for these particular production systems are required. The most common mitigation strategies found in the literature relate to crop, irrigation and fertilization management. Nevertheless, only the success of a mitigation strategy under specific conditions will allow its implementation to be increasingly targeted and more cost effective. Assessment methods are therefore required to evaluate and to quantify the impact of mitigation strategies in HPS and to select the most promising ones.

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Utilising Differences in Rooting Depth to Design Vegetable Crop Rotations With High Nitrogen Use Efficiency (Nue)

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Root growth and nitrogen uptake of carrot, early cabbage, onion and lettuce following a range of green manures

Root growth and nitrogen uptake of carrot, early cabbage, onion and lettuce following a range of green manures

Balance sheet method assessment for nitrogen fertilization in winter wheat: II. alternative strategies using the CropSyst simulation model

Nitrogen Related Diffuse Pollution from Horticulture Production—Mitigation Practices and Assessment Strategies

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