Utilisation of Differential Killer Toxin Sensitivity Patterns for Fingerprinting and Clustering Yeast Strains Belonging to Different Genera

Buzzini, Pietro; Martini, Ann Vaughan

doi:10.1016/s0723-2020(00)80077-6

Cited by 20 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Compared with data obtained by the use of several commercial identification kits, as reported in the literature (7,8,10,11,13), the identification efficiency of the killer yeast method was also on the same order, but at a significantly lower cost per test. As previously demonstrated (4,5), the method proposed here is extremely sensitive and accurate, the interpretation of results is generally easy and unequivocal, and the method is definitely less subjective than the GT assay (7) and is applicable in the laboratory by technicians untrained in mycology and lacking skill in microscopy. In order to reduce the 48-h incubation time, the procedure may be revised with only a reasonable increase in total cost.…”

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confidence: 76%

“…Because of the recent success of using killer systems for inter-and intraspecific discrimination of ascomycetous and basidiomycetous yeasts (4,5,9,12,14), we evaluated a killer toxin panel by using 314 members of the genus Candida, including 91 isolates of C. albicans and 223 isolates of non-C. albicans species.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Four killer yeast strains, all previously demonstrated to possess cureless killer phenotypes (3,4), were used to create a short panel to detect C. albicans; these strains were Candida maltosa G7A, Debaryomyces hansenii P41, and Williopsis saturnus DBVPG 3127 and DBVPG 3671, indicated in Table 1 In addition, 49 strains of C. albicans (54%) and 10 strains of C. glabrata (26%) came directly from clinical specimens of local laboratory hospitals, and each species was represented by well-characterized type strains from reference collections. Both collected and newly isolated sensitive cultures were previously controlled through reisolation procedures to avoid the presence of mixed cultures and were classified in our laboratory by conventional identification methods (16).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…One milliliter of suspension was mixed thoroughly with 19 ml of molten KM agar and poured into a petri plate (100 by 15 mm). Killer yeasts (24-h cells) were inoculated onto the solidified agar surface (3,4), and plates were incubated at 25°C.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Similar to previous reports (4,5), the differential killer toxin sensitivity patterns were condensed into a "killer sensitivity index," where each one of the four yeasts capable of inhibiting the growth of a given strain was indicated by its reference number, while absence of activity was recorded as 0.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Discrimination between Candida albicans and Other Pathogenic Species of the Genus Candida by Their Differential Sensitivities to Toxins of a Panel of Killer Yeasts

Buzzini

Martini

2001

J Clin Microbiol

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The differential sensitivities to toxins produced by a short panel of four killer yeasts allowed discrimination between 91 strains of the yeast Candida albicans and 223 non-C. albicans Candida strains. One hundred percent of C. albicans isolates exhibited negative results to the toxin panel, while 100% of non-C. albicans cultures gave well-defined and reproducible positive results to at least one of the four killer toxins. Among C. albicans strains only 96 and 87% gave germ tube (GT)-and chlamydospore-positive results, respectively. In addition a few GT-false-positive strains were detected among non-C. albicans isolates. Susceptibility to the toxin panel is apparently expressed more consistently than either GT or chlamydospore production and may constitute a promising basis for a new simple and easy-to-use procedure for routine discrimination between the species C. albicans and other species of the genus Candida.

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confidence: 76%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Discrimination between Candida albicans and Other Pathogenic Species of the Genus Candida by Their Differential Sensitivities to Toxins of a Panel of Killer Yeasts

Buzzini

Martini

2001

J Clin Microbiol

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Current Awareness

2001

Yeast

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In order to keep subscribers up‐to‐date with the latest developments in their field, this current awareness service is provided by John Wiley & Sons and contains newly‐published material on yeasts. Each bibliography is divided into 10 sections. 1 Books, Reviews & Symposia; 2 General; 3 Biochemistry; 4 Biotechnology; 5 Cell Biology; 6 Gene Expression; 7 Genetics; 8 Physiology; 9 Medical Mycology; 10 Recombinant DNA Technology. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author. If, in the preceding period, no publications are located relevant to any one of these headings, that section will be omitted. (5 weeks journals ‐ search completed 7th Feb. 2001)

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Biotyping of Candida albicans and Other Fungi by Yeast Killer Toxins Sensitivity

Polonelli

Conti

2009

Candida Albicans

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Intraspecific differentiation of pathogenic microorganisms is a major need in epidemiological studies concerning the source and spread of infections. This requirement is paramount for those etiologic agents of infectious diseases, which are mainly grouped into one species within the genus, such as Candida albicans. Ideally, laboratory methods for biotyping purposes should be sensitive, reproducible, easy, and economical to perform. In addition, the methods should be flexible in their application to taxonomically unrelated pathogens. We have shown that the toxins produced by a selected panel of killer yeasts, each characterized by a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity, may be used to discriminate strains belonging to the species of the genus Candida and to other species of eukaryotic and prokaryotic pathogenic microorganisms. The "yeast killer system," which may be sharply increased in sensitivity by addition of further standardized killer yeasts, has proven to be of value in the resolution of many cases of clinical and nosocomial fungal infections. Owing to its reliability, economy, and versatility, this phenotypic system can be used as an alternative biotyping method in laboratories lacking the financial and training resources necessary to perform more sophisticated and expensive molecular approaches.

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Utilisation of Differential Killer Toxin Sensitivity Patterns for Fingerprinting and Clustering Yeast Strains Belonging to Different Genera

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Discrimination between Candida albicans and Other Pathogenic Species of the Genus Candida by Their Differential Sensitivities to Toxins of a Panel of Killer Yeasts

Discrimination between Candida albicans and Other Pathogenic Species of the Genus Candida by Their Differential Sensitivities to Toxins of a Panel of Killer Yeasts

Current Awareness

Biotyping of Candida albicans and Other Fungi by Yeast Killer Toxins Sensitivity

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