Utilisation des prélèvements capillaires sur buvard dans le diagnostic précoce de l’infection à VIH-1 chez des enfants nés de mères infectées dans le cadre de la prévention de la transmission mère–enfant au Bénin

Abstract

The goal of this study was to evaluate using the molecular diagnosis, infection transmission rate of HIV in children born to HIV-1 positive mothers as part of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) in Benin. The sample consisted of 524 dried blood spots (DBS) of children born to HIV-1 positive mothers, from 30 sites (PMTCT) taken between October 2009 and June 2010. The diagnosis of HIV-1 was performed by the qualitative detection of viral nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) in DBS on filter paper using the Abbott RealTime(®) HIV-1 Qualitative assay. We found that 51 DBS were positive (9.7%) and 473 were negative (90.3%). The failure rate of PMTCT among 420 mothers who received antiretroviral prophylaxis was 6.7% (28/420). This failure rate was significantly higher among children born to infected mothers on antiretroviral monotherapy than on triple therapy (HAART). The results of our study enrich the data in the literature on highly active antiretroviral chemoprophylaxis to reduce the transmission of HIV-1 from mother to child.

Describing Point of Entry into Care and Being Lost to Program in a Cohort of HIV Positive Pregnant Women in a Large Urban Centre in Uganda

“…The United Nations programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimates that currently 330,000 children are infected with HIV/AIDS worldwide, 90% of whom are living in Sub-Saharan Africa [2, 3]. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the primary mode of HIV infection in children either during pregnancy, labor, and delivery or through breast feeding [4–6]. Several studies have proven that antiretroviral drugs decrease HIV transmission from the mother to the baby [7–11].…”