Uticaj Cefta 2006 Sporazuma Na Privrede Zemalja Zapadnog Balkana

Abstract

CEFTA (Centralno-evropsko udruženje slobodne trgovine) je nastala, na inicijativu EU, sa ciljem ekonomskog povezivanja zemalja članica, stvaranja povoljnijeg investicionog ambijenta i jačanja konkurentske pozicije tog regiona. Korištenjem prednosti i mogućnosti, koje CEFTA pruža, zemlje članice će biti konkurentnije na tržištu EU. U procesu pune implementacije Sporazuma postoje određeni problemi, od kojih se izdvajaju veliki broj necarinskih barijera, primarna orijentacija zemalja članica na tržište EU i uticaj globalne ekonomske krize na privrede i međusobnu razmjenu zemalja članica. CEFTA 2006je predmet mnogih diskusija u pogledu percepcije pozitivnih i negativnih efekata po zemlje članice i sagledavanju efekata implementacije CEFTA sporazuma kao jednog od potencijalnih preduslova na putu ka EU zemalja regiona. Analiza ekonomskih indikatora sadašnjih zemalja CEFTA određuje putokaz i neophodne pravce djelovanja u postupku dalje implementacije Sporazuma. Navedene analize pružaju mogućnost sagledavanja perspektive ovog procesa. Istraživanje dosadašnjih rezultata omogućava procjenu uticaja na ekonomski razvoj regiona i na perspektivu integracije ovih zemalja u EU, kroz jačanje regionalne saradnje. Akcenat istraživanja se odnosi na uticaj primjene CEFTA 2006 sporazuma na BDP zemalja članica i stopu nezaposlenosti, a samim time i na ekonomski razvoj. Rezultati istraživanja pružaju odgovore na pitanja: koliko su navedene prednosti primjene CEFTA sporazuma značajne i na koji način zemlje CEFTA mogu povećati međusobnu regionalnu ekonomsku saradnju? Analiza obuhvata uticaj na makroekonomske indikatore za pojedine zemlje članice CEFTA, primjenom Sporazuma. Takođe se analizira uticaj regionalne saradnje na ekonomski razvoj cjelokupnog regiona.

Key Features and Challenges of the China-Western Balkan Countries Merchandise Trade Development

“…Due to the success in the fight against the COVID-19 virus, i.e. the speed with which it managed to restore full production after the complete lockdown of provinces and cities and take advantage of the increase in demand, China, for instance, became one of the few countries with which trade growth has been achieved in 2020 (Beraha & Jovičić, 2021).…”

“…In this regard, bearing in mind its growing presence in the region, China appears as one of the trade partners that could encourage export growth as well as more effective involvement of the companies from the WB countries in the global value chains (GVCs). However, most of the authors (Zakić, 2022;Beraha & Jovičić, 2021;Gigov & Poposka, 2022;Szunomár et al, 2020;Jaklič & Svetličič, 2019;Jacimovic, et al 2018;Yue, 2018;Matura, 2019;and others) generally conclude that despite the intensive development of economic cooperation, the WB countries have not fully benefited from trade with China -trade remains unbalanced, leading to significant trade deficit growth in most countries in the region.…”

“…With full appreciation of China's economic superiority, the countries of the Western Balkans have certain comparative advantages on which the further development of trade relations with China should be based. This primarily refers to the price competitiveness of highly educated human resources in the field of advanced technologies and potential in the field of agricultural production and processing food (Beraha & Jovičić, 2021).…”

“…Intensive economic cooperation between Western Balkan countries and China continued even during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis, and there was a rise in the total trade exchange recorded (the highest growth rate of trade of the Western Balkans countries was achieved precisely with China). This positive dynamic was primarily the result of the effective realization of measures to prevent the spread of the virus and the role of China in providing assistance to the countries of the Western Balkans in the fight against the pandemic, primarily as the most important or even the sole supplier of protective and other medical equipment and pharmaceutical products necessary for the treatment of the sick (Beraha & Jovičić, 2021).…”