Uterine Fibroids Operated in the Obstetric Gynecology Department of the Mother-Child Department at the University Hospital of Tengandogo: About 109 Cases

Abstract

Background: Uterine fibroid is the most common benign gynecological tumor in women of childbearing age and is common in our context. It can be discovered incidentally or by metrorrhagia. Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine fibroids operated in the gynaecology and obstetrics department of the CHU-T. Patients and Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including all patients operated on for uterine fibromyoma in the gynaecology-obstetrics department. The collection mode was retrospective, over a 5-year period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021 in the mother-child department of the CHU-T. Data entry and analysis were carried out on a microcomputer using Epi info 7.2.5 software. Results: We collected 109 cases of uterine fibroids which represented 42.5% of the surgical activities of the gynaecology department. The average age of the patients was 38.9 years ± 7.8. Married women represented 77.1%. Salaried women accounted for 65.1%. The main reasons for consultation were uterine haemorrhage (53.1%), pelvic pain (40.4%) and hypofertility (31.2%). Ultrasound was performed in all patients to help map the fibroid nuclei. The main indication for surgery was haemorrhagic myoma (43.1%). The surgical treatment was conservative (myomectomy) in 58.7% of cases and radical (hysterectomy) in 27.4% of cases. The most frequent postoperative complication was vulvar haemorrhage and the average hospital stay was 4 days ± 1.4. Anatomical pathological examination of the surgical excision specimen carried out on 30 operated patients concluded that uterine leiomyoma was diagnosed in 100% of cases. Conclusion: Patient education for early detection, universal health insurance and cost subsidies could improve the management of this condition.