Uterine Cervix Metastasis from Rectal Carcinoma: a Case Report and a Review of the Literature

Abstract

A 59-year-old woman underwent a radical hysterectomy for a metastatic uterine cervix tumor caused by rectal carcinoma, which had been previously resected. Metastatic carcinoma from the large bowel to the uterus is rare. A total of 48 patients (including nine Japanese patients) with metastasis from the large bowel to the uterus were reviewed. The metastatic site of the uterus was the cervix in 27 cases and the corpus in 18. The interval between primary carcinoma and the secondary diagnosis was 17 months. The mean survival after the diagnosis of the secondary deposit was 11 months. Our patient died of lymph node, lung, local and bone metastases 7 months after the diagnosis of the secondary deposit.

Adenocarcinoma metastatic to the uterine cervix: A case series

“…Finally, we excluded any references that were not available in complete text form or lacked the data we required for this analysis (Table 2). For the purposes of our review, we included 13/16 (81.2%) publications associated with gastric cancer, 14–28 30/45 (66.6%) with breast cancer, 14,18,21,29–55 9/13 (69.2%) with ovarian cancer, 15,18,21,29,56–60 and 10/13 reports (76.9%) related to colorectal cancer 15,18,19,21,61–66 . The total number of patients covered in these reports was 45 for gastric cancer, 36 for breast cancer, 36 for ovarian cancer and 19 for colorectal cancer.…”

Uterine colorectal metastatic disease: a rare occurrence

“…However, notably, histopathological examination of the previous resections did not reveal any lymphatic invasion, nor was there evidence of vascular involvement, which further confounds the mechanism of spread. Nevertheless, given that she also developed metastasis to the lung (visible on CT‐TAP), the haematogenous route of spread is the most likely mechanism of metastasis in this case …”

“…Ovarian and uterine vascular channels are linked which may also provide a route of spread, given that it is known that colorectal cancer can metastasize to the ovaries . Although pelvic lymphatics drain away from the pelvis, it is postulated that, if these channels become blocked from surgery or lymph node metastasis, retrograde flow to the uterus may occur . However, notably, histopathological examination of the previous resections did not reveal any lymphatic invasion, nor was there evidence of vascular involvement, which further confounds the mechanism of spread.…”

Metastatic Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix from Rectal Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…The patients' ages ranged from 17 -77 years [9], with an average age of 56.5 years. Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the cervix from colorectal carcinoma has been reported to comprise only 18.5% of all secondary adenocarcinomas of the cervix [5] [8] [13] [16] [18]. The rarity of uterine cervical metastatic adenocarcinomas has been attributed to: 1) the high fibrous tissue content of the cervix providing an unfavorable medium for metastatic growth; 2) the small size and relatively limited blood flow of the cervix as a target organ; 3) the fact that the lymphatic vessels of the pelvis all drain away from the cervix; 4) the failure to exclude possible primary sites in cases diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the cervix; and 5) the failure to screen the cervix routinely during follow-up in women with adenocarcinomas of extragenital sites [14].…”

“…The rarity of uterine cervical metastatic adenocarcinomas has been attributed to: 1) the high fibrous tissue content of the cervix providing an unfavorable medium for metastatic growth; 2) the small size and relatively limited blood flow of the cervix as a target organ; 3) the fact that the lymphatic vessels of the pelvis all drain away from the cervix; 4) the failure to exclude possible primary sites in cases diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the cervix; and 5) the failure to screen the cervix routinely during follow-up in women with adenocarcinomas of extragenital sites [14]. Failure to examine the cervix during autopsy may also result in an underestimation of the incidence of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the cervix [5] [6] [13] [14] [16].…”