Uterine Artery Embolization and Future Fertility Potential

Abstract

The growing body of evidence concerning the safety and efficacy of uterine artery embolization (UAE) has led to increasing confidence amongst gynecologists and interventional radiologists that UAE can be used safely to treat women with symptomatic fibroids. UAE is clearly preferable for certain subgroups of patients, for example those with increased risks of complications of general anesthesia, those with religious objection to blood transfusion and those wishing to avoid surgical risk. This review of the available literature demonstrates the paucity of information concerning safety and efficacy of UAE for those wishing to conceive. Case reports and series are largely positive. However, there are continuing concerns over the effects of UAE on ovarian and uterine function, and on subsequent pregnancy outcome. More long-term data and randomized controlled trials are required to address these issues. Women who undergo embolization should be told that the effects on pregnancy and the resulting child are uncertain and that there may be long-term implications for the health and development of the offspring. Hence, it is inadvisable to try to conceive following the procedure. Given the available evidence, concern must remain that UAE may lead to significant damage to fertility, with higher risk of miscarriage and adverse pregnancy outcome when compared with open or laparoscopic myomectomy.

Pregnancy after uterine fibroid embolization

“…Uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) was first described by Ravina et al in 1995 as an alternative available for patients who do not wish to undergo surgery (3)(4)(5). However, there are concerns about infertility risk after UFE, like premature menopause or emergency hysterectomy, and there is also the issue of radiation exposure during embolization (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Owing to uncertainty of the effects of UFE on fertility, exclusion of women who still want to become pregnant has been recommended.…”