Uterine arteriovenous malformation: A rare cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in a post-menopausal female

Bucha, Atul; Chawla, Sunil; Sethi, Navdeep

doi:10.1016/j.mjafi.2016.08.011

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Less common causes include ectopic endometrial tissue, retrograde menstruation, or uterine tumors such as leiomyosarcoma. Spontaneous hemoperitoneum secondary to bleeding from an AVM arising from the female reproductive tract is an important but exceedingly uncommon etiology within the subset of potential gynecologic causes [1-2, 5]. Pelvic AVMs may be congenital or acquired [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recurrent, Idiopathic Spontaneous Hemoperitoneum Requiring Multiple Laparoscopic Evacuations: A Rare Case of Bleeding Adnexal Arteriovenous Malformation

Assimacopoulos

Mehta

Brockmeier

et al. 2019

Cureus

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Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal vascular connections that can form in many anatomic locations. The adnexa are particularly rare sites of AVM formation and the symptomatology is heterogeneous. Herein we present a case of life-threatening adnexal AVM. A 21-year-old female presented with abdominal pain and syncope, her third such presentation within 10 days. Her history was significant for ectopic pregnancy six months prior. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed intraperitoneal blood without active bleeding. Transabdominal pelvic ultrasound revealed a large amount of complicated pelvic fluid and increased right-adnexal vascularity. Interventional radiology performed an urgent uterine arteriogram revealing a right-adnexal AVM with supply from both the right uterine and right ovarian arteries. The AVM was subsequently embolized, resolving her symptoms. AVMs are exceedingly rare, often unconsidered causes of occult pelvic bleeding. Pelvic, and in particular, adnexal AVMs should be considered in females with idiopathic spontaneous hemoperitoneum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adnexal location of the AVM in this case, as opposed to intrauterine, lends to the presentation of hemoperitoneum rather than menorrhagia. Bleeding of intrauterine AVMs is thought to arise from the exposure of these abnormal blood vessels following physiologic endometrial sloughing as seen in menstruation or mechanical trauma [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent, Idiopathic Spontaneous Hemoperitoneum Requiring Multiple Laparoscopic Evacuations: A Rare Case of Bleeding Adnexal Arteriovenous Malformation

Assimacopoulos

Mehta

Brockmeier

et al. 2019

Cureus

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“…Mostly reported in women of reproductive age, few case reports exist, reporting in women till 72 years of old 14 . Hence, they can be detected in women of all ages 5 .…”

Section: What Is the Importance Of Emv?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mostly reported in women of reproductive age, few case reports exist, reporting in women till 72 years of old. 14 Hence, they can be detected in women of all ages. 5 EMVs show a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening gynecologic hemorrhage.…”

Section: What Is the Importance Of Emv?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 Ultrasound manifestations of EVMs include tubular anechoic serpentine structures, increased myometrial thickening and heterogeneity, enlarged vessels in the myometrial wall or parametrium and myometrial or endometrial mass on greyscale, a rich high-velocity low resistance vascular network, aliasing, turbulent, multidirectional mosaic-pattern flow and a high peak systolic velocity; 20 cm/s, using color or power Doppler study. 14 Resistive indices often varies between 0.25 and 0.55. 21 Three-dimensional (3D) color Doppler ultrasound can also provide better delineation as well as feeding and draining vessels of the lesion.…”

Section: How Is It Diagnosed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced myometrial vascularity and AVM: A review on diagnosis and management

Moradi

Banihashemian

Sadighi

et al. 2023

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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Uterine Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are vascular disorders characterized by complex high‐flow tangles of abnormal vessels connecting arteries and veins with bypassing capillaries. Recently, the terminology applied to describe uterine AVMs has been modified. Most AVMs are acquired. The term enhanced myometrial vascularity (EMV) is used to describe any condition in which any uterine pathology may lead to increased myometrial vascularity regardless of the absence or presence of residual tissue of gestation.

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Uterine arteriovenous malformation: A rare cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in a post-menopausal female

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Recurrent, Idiopathic Spontaneous Hemoperitoneum Requiring Multiple Laparoscopic Evacuations: A Rare Case of Bleeding Adnexal Arteriovenous Malformation

Recurrent, Idiopathic Spontaneous Hemoperitoneum Requiring Multiple Laparoscopic Evacuations: A Rare Case of Bleeding Adnexal Arteriovenous Malformation

Enhanced myometrial vascularity and AVM: A review on diagnosis and management

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