Usos, gestos y vocalizaciones privadas: de la interacción social a la autorregulación

Abstract

El papel del lenguaje en la autorregulación ha sido ampliamente estudiado. Sin embargo, hay escasa evidencia sobre la función de autorregulación de los sistemas semióticos prelingüísticos en el desarrollo temprano. Presentamos un estudio de diseño longitudinal para explorar cuándo y cómo los niños/as comienzan a utilizar signos prelingüísticos con una función de autorregulación. Observamos a cuatro bebés en interacción con un adulto y un objeto complejo, a los 11, 13 y 15 meses de edad. Se condujo un análisis microgenético de las observaciones desde una perspectiva semiótica y pragmática del desarrollo y del objeto (Rodríguez y Moro, 1999). Los niños utilizaron distintos signos prelingüísticos privados para autorregular su acción al usar los objetos y/o instrumentos (ostensivos sin instrumento, con instrumento, vocalizaciones de acompañamiento de la acción y evaluadoras). Se describen las categorías utilizadas para caracterizar estos comportamientos y se analizan observaciones que las ilustran. Palabras clave: Gestos privados, ostensiones privadas, autorregulación, usos de objetos, comunicación prelingüística.

How toddlers think with their hands: social and private gestures as evidence of cognitive self-regulation in guided play with objects

“…In previous research (Basilio & Rodríguez, 2011;Rodríguez & Palacios, 2007) we found that observing children and parents interacting with complex objects that involve challenging clear goals is an optimal situation for studying self-regulation in the preverbal stage, developing reliable indicators based on communicative behaviours, and characterising parental mediation. These interactions can also be characterised as playful in nature, given that (a) for infants the concept of a 'task' is not yet graspable, and (b) parents behaviours involve characteristic play cues (Lillard, 2007).…”

“…If this was indeed the case, the uses of gestures for cognitive purposes could be considered an early mechanism by which interactions with others influence cognitive development, especially in relation to the development of selfregulation. However, only a handful of case studies have provided evidence of this cognitive function of gestures in children of 2 years and under (Rodríguez & Palacios, 2007;Vallotton, 2008;Rodríguez, 2009;Basilio & Rodríguez, 2011).…”

“…We aim to understand if young children use gestures as a tool for self-regulation in a similar way that older children use speech, including the use of self-directed or private gestures previously discussed and defined in the literature (Basilio & Rodríguez, 2011;Delgado, Gómez, & Sarriá, 2009;Rodríguez & Palacios, 2007) but with limited systematic evidence of their occurrence before age two.…”

Is <b><i>Container</i></b> a Natural and Embodied Image Schema? A Developmental, Pragmatic, and Cultural Proposal

“…8 Basilio, & Sosa [2015]; Rodríguez & Moro [1999. A2: Basilio [2014]; Basilio & Rodríguez [2011; Dupertuis & Moro [2016]; Moro, Dupertuis, Fardel, & Piguet [2015]; Moro & Rodríguez [2005 Alessandroni/Rodríguez the mother and the child; (c) gestures performed by the mother and the child; (d) language used by the mother; (e) vocalizations made by the child, and (f) containercenter-of-the-action (CCA) in each moment, for the mother and the child. A CCA is an object that functions as a container and that, in a given moment, acts as the locus around which the actions of the child, the mother or both are organized.…”

“…The complexity and importance of this milestone are clear: to use an object by its function (i.e., any spoon as a spoon) implies a qualitative jump for the child, every time he stops relating to isolated materialities and starts relating to members of classes [Rodríguez, 2012a]. Furthermore, conventional uses of objects become the base upon which symbolic uses [see Alessandroni, 2016;Palacios & Rodríguez, 2015;Palacios et al, 2016;Rodríguez, Palacios, Cárdenas, & Yuste, 2014], and cognitive self-regulation behaviors [Basilio & Rodríguez, 2011 …”