Uso da parafina incorporada à cera alveolada em colônias de abelhas <em>Apis mellifera</em> L. africanizadas para produção de mel

Abstract

RESUMO.O objetivo foi avaliar favos construídos a partir de três tratamentos, lâminas de cera alveolada, lâminas de cera alveolada com parafina e parte do quadro sem cera. Foram utilizadas dez colônias de abelhas africanizadas, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae) existentes na região de Marialva, Estado do Paraná. Foram efetuados mapeamentos da área construída e ocupada com mel, a intervalos de aproximadamente 20 dias. Três quadros, cada um contendo os três tratamentos foram colocados nas posições lateral esquerda, central e lateral direita da melgueira vista por trás da colméia. As abelhas construíram a maior área e ocuparam com mel (p<0,05), quando o quadro foi introduzido na posição central da colméia. A parte do quadro com cera alveolada apresentou a maior área construída (p<0,05) em relação aos outros tratamentos, que também diferiram (p<0,05) entre si. A parte do quadro contendo cera alveolada com parafina apresentou a menor área de favo construída (p<0,05) e ocupada com mel (p<0,05) em relação aos demais. Concluiu-se que a parafina incorporada à cera alveolada pode ser utilizada, desde que a substituição dos quadros se dê na região central da colméia e seu uso seja para produção de mel em favos. Palavras-chave:Apis mellifera, cera de abelha, comportamento de abelhas, favo, parafina, produção de mel. ABSTRACT. Paraffin incorporation to beewax foundation in Apis mellifera L.Africanized colonies for honey production. The aim of this paper was the evaluation of combs from three experimental treatments: beeswax foundation, beeswax with paraffin and a gap frame, partially without wax. The experiment was carried out using ten Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae) Africanized honeybee colonies in Marialva -state of Paraná, in the south of Brazil. They were accomplished by mapping areas constructed and occupied with honey, at intervals of approximately 20 days. Three combs, containing, each one, the three treatments were placed at the positions right lateral, central and left lateral of the super observed the hive to the back. The honeybees built the greatest area and filled with honey (p<0.05) when the comb was introduced in the central position of the hive, compared to other treatments in which differences were also observed (p<0.05). The position of the wax comb mixed with paraffin produced the smallest area (p<0.05) occupied with honey compared to the others. Results showed that paraffin mixed with wax comb should be used since the combs are placed in the central position and must be used for production of honey in sections.

Standard methods forApis melliferabeeswax research

“…FTIR spectroscopy is generally well-recognized as very reliable or promising method in analysis of various food systems (such as honey, milk, olive oil, juice, etc.) for authentication purposes (Casale & Simonetti, 2014;Cozzolino, Corbella, & Smyth, 2011;Karoui, Downey, & Blecker, 2010;Rios-Corripio, Rojas-L opez, & Delgado-Macuil, 2012), and even more demanding systems such as those involved in forensic sciences (Yu & Butler, 2015). However, it was not used for the authentication of beeswax until the second decade of this century.…”

“…Field studies on the acceptance or rejection of adulterated comb foundation by the honey bee colony are scarce (Castro, Medici, Sarlo, & Eguaras, 2010;Darchen & Lavie, 1958;Medici, Castro, Sarlo, Marioli, & Eguaras, 2012;Ribeiro da Silva, Ribeiro, Toledo, & Toledo, 2002;Semkiw & Skubida, 2013;Toledo, 1991). As reported in several studies Serra Bonveh ı & Orantes Bermejo, 2012;, comb foundation without any adulterants are rare and most contain 5-20% of paraffin.…”

Effect of stearin and paraffin adulteration of beeswax on brood survival

“…Da Silva et al (2002) suggested a possibility of using a paraffin-adulterated wax foundation for formation of combs used in honey supers; however, such combs were best accepted by bees in the honey super center. Studies showing no negative effect of paraffin adulteration on brood survival may encourage using this procedure.…”

Seasonal Distribution and Environmental Occupation of Anuran Amphibian Fauna in an Impacted Savannah Area in Lavras, Minas Gerais

“…These spatial distribution patterns may be related to the ecological preferences of the species, as influenced by specific types of microenvironments for reproduction and search for food resources (FERREIRA; SANTOS, 2016;SILVA et al, 2002).…”