Using X-parameters to model diode-based RF power probes

Boaventura, Alirio S.; Testera, Alejandro Rodriguez; Carvalho, Nuno Borges; Fernandez-Barciela, M.

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2011.5972900

Cited by 5 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For this reason, a behavioural model that accounts for these changes should be used on the design process. Theoretical models as the poly-harmonic distortion (PHD) [38] and simulation tools as harmonic balance (HB) [39] approximate the reactive behaviour of the circuit in order to get the proper antenna-rectifier matching.…”

Section: A Duty Cycle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Autonomous Wireless Sensors: RFID and Energy Harvesting Solutions

Duroc¹,

Vera²

2014

Internet of Things

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In this chapter, an extend vision on the sensing techniques and powering on smart and autonomous RFID tags is presented. In a society leaded by the information and networking, a link is defined between our real world and a virtual scenery for all the everyday objects. The linker is a smart wireless sensor. No better definition can be done by exploiting the real meaning of the words: This is the "Internet of the things era". The most suitable technology for the development of smart sensors is the passive RFID technology because its battery-less operation, network interoperability and wireless capability. Several challenges are faced on the design of these smart and autonomous RFID sensors: sensing techniques, structure considerations and wireless powering are the main challenges discussed in this chapter. The power autonomy is presented under harvesting techniques with special interest on the electromagnetic energy harvesting. Design criteria of electromagnetic energy harvesters are also discussed. Some examples of applications on the most common sensed parameters including physical, biomedical, automatic product tamper detection and noninvasive monitoring are described.

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Section: A Duty Cycle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Autonomous Wireless Sensors: RFID and Energy Harvesting Solutions

Duroc¹,

Vera²

2014

Internet of Things

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It was identified that this is related to long-term memory effects caused by the detector baseband impedances. Thus, the detector output DC voltage may vary depending on the RF input signal bandwidth.In [4], an X-parameters model for diode power probes was proposed, which will be extended in the future for calibration purposes with modulated signals. In [4], this model was extracted from simulated data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent works [3,4] it has been demonstrated that calibrating a diode-based power probe with a singletone signal does not guarantee accurate detector calibration for complex signals. It was identified that this is related to long-term memory effects caused by the detector baseband impedances.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [4], this model was extracted from simulated data. DC measurements were used to validate the detector behaviour.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Power probe X-parameters model: In the X-parameters model proposed in [4] the detector output voltage is modelled by (1), where V 2 is the total voltage modelled at the detector's output when a certain RLC load is connected. X v 2 (.)…”

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Diode power detector X‐parameters™ model extraction using LSNA‐based measurement system

et al. 2013

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A study is presented on the problems that may arise when characterising low frequency device behaviour with a large signal network analyser (LSNA)-based measurement system. A diode power detector has been measured and, for the first time, an X-parameters based detector model was extracted from measurements. Difficulties measuring the detector output voltage dependence with baseband impedances, especially when those impedances showed resonant effects, were observed and a method to overcome the problems encountered is presented. The measurement-based detector X-parameters model demonstrated its usefulness to predict power detector behaviour under twotone excitations and complex loads.Introduction: Diode power probes have been used successfully for many years for high-speed power measurements, when the measured signal is a single sinusoid [1,2]. In recent works [3,4] it has been demonstrated that calibrating a diode-based power probe with a singletone signal does not guarantee accurate detector calibration for complex signals. It was identified that this is related to long-term memory effects caused by the detector baseband impedances. Thus, the detector output DC voltage may vary depending on the RF input signal bandwidth.In [4], an X-parameters model for diode power probes was proposed, which will be extended in the future for calibration purposes with modulated signals. In [4], this model was extracted from simulated data. DC measurements were used to validate the detector behaviour.In this Letter, a method to perform the required measurements to extract and validate an X-parameters model for power probes using an large signal network analyser (LSNA)-based measurement system, is proposed. Difficulties encountered and possible solutions are discussed.

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