Using virtual reality to analyze links between handball thrower kinematics and goalkeeper's reactions

Bideau, Benoît; Multon, Franck; Kulpa, Richard; Fradet, Laetitia; Arnaldi, Bruno; Delamarche, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2004.09.023

Cited by 68 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…The CG animations offer, at least partly, the possibility that they can be used for evaluating perceptual skills in tennis. Bideau et al (2003;2004) examined handball goalkeepers' responses when faced with an opponent's throw in a VR environment as compared to a real situation. The study demonstrated that the VR situation was realistic enough that it made it possible for researchers to evaluate the goalkeeper's natural reactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the point-light displays are a potentially valuable tool to permit the manipulation of display kinematics, the computeranimated characters also have significant potential for the simulated presentation of sport situations because they allow exact changes to be made in various parameters, such as the movement, body, characteristics, contour, texture, and perspective of the image. In recent times, with the development of computer graphics (CG) technology, several sports science studies have begun to use humanlike CG animations as a visual stimulus that plays handball (Bideau et al, 2003;2004), runs (Hodgins et al, 1998), and plays tennis (Fukuhara et al, 2005;Pollick et al, 2001). The advantage of using CG animations is that they can precisely control kinematic features and also provide information about appearance (e.g., contour, texture, and size).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To examine perceptual skills in sports using CG animations, it will be necessary to identify the nature of perceptual information within CG animations. To date, although some researchers have employed CG animations in sport tasks (e.g., Bideau et al, 2003;2004;Hodgins et al, 1998;Pollick et al, The aim of this study was to explore how CG animations of tennis serves affected the perceptual skills of skilled players. The participants attempted to anticipate the serve directions from either the video images or CG animations.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The advantage of using CG animations is that they can precisely control kinematic features and also provide information about appearance (e.g., contour, texture, and size). For example, Bideau et al (2004) investigated the reactions of skilled handball goalkeepers as they faced virtual reality (VR) opponents whose throwing movements were modulated in three ways (arm movement, rotation of the trunk, ball release time). The authors reported that the alterations in throwing movements resulted in significant differences in the goalkeepers' reactions.…”

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Anticipatory Judgment of Tennis Serve: A Comparison between Video Images and Computer Graphics Animations

Fukuhara

Ida

Kusubori

et al. 2009

Int. J. Sport Health Sci.

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This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using computer graphics (CG) animations to evaluate perceptual skills in tennis. In Experiment 1, we used video images or CG animations to examine the visual search behaviors and the accuracy of anticipating serve direction of 18 skilled tennis players. Participants viewed the racket area for a longer time during the 150 ms period immediately before the moment of racket-ball contact in the video image condition opposed to the CG animation condition. In addition, the participants made more accurate judgments in the video image condition than in the CG animation condition. In Experiment 2, we investigated the information pick-up patterns of 10 skilled players while they viewed either the video images or CG animations using a temporal occlusion. Consistent with the results of Experiment 1, participants made more accurate judgments during the 150 ms period immediately before the contact in the video image condition than in the CG animation condition. The results of both experiments showed that the perceptual information in the 150 ms period differed between the two film types. However, the anticipation accuracy of the CG animation condition in both experiments was over the chance level (50%), suggesting that the participants were able to pick up the anticipatory information of serve direction from the CG animations. This led to the conclusion that CG animations would be a valuable tool to examine perceptual skills in tennis.Keywords: visual search, temporal occlusion, perceptual skills Paper : Psychology has studied when, where, and how skilled players extract visual cues, using approaches such as eyemovement recording (e.g., Kato and Fukuda, 2002;Savelsbergh et al., 2002;Williams et al., 2002), temporal occlusion (e.g., Abernethy et al., 2001;Farrow et al., 2005;Goulet et al., 1989), and spatial occlusion (e.g., Abernethy and Russell, 1987;Shim et al., 2006;Jackson and Mogan, 2007). Typically, experimental paradigms have presented video displays that simulate the player's perspective while he or she is facing opposing players (e.g., returning a serve in tennis or facing a penalty kick in soccer). These simulated visual stimuli were presented to both skilled and less skilled players, whose task was to anticipate the final outcome of the opponent's motions, for example, identifying the direction in which the ball would be hit. These studies have identified the spatial and temporal visual cues used in anticipatory responses based on differences in skill level.Moreover, previous researchers in sports perception have used point-light displays to examine the minimum essential source of information for skilled performance (Abernethy, 1993;Abernethy et al., 2001;Shim et al., 2005;Ward et al., 2002). The point-light displays represent only the kinematic features of the opponent's movement pattern; however, both skilled and less skilled players in racket sports were able to anticipate movement outcomes from this display (Abernethy et al., 2001;Shim et al., 2006). Ward et al. (20...

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confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

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Anticipatory Judgment of Tennis Serve: A Comparison between Video Images and Computer Graphics Animations

Fukuhara

Ida

Kusubori

et al. 2009

Int. J. Sport Health Sci.

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“…In the sports context, players have to react quickly to the stimuli from their surroundings (Bideau et al, 2004). Consequently, anticipation in sport refers to the perception of relevant information and the consequent decision making in the shortest time possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative analysis of visual strategy in elite and amateur handball goalkeepers

Rivilla-García¹,

Muñoz²,

Grande³

et al. 2013

JHSE

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Rivilla-García J, Muñoz A, Grande I, Sanchís, M, Sampedro J. A comparative analysis of visual strategy in elite and amateur handball goalkeepers. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. Vol.8, No. Proc3, pp. S743-S753, 2013. The aim of the present study was to analyze the visual strategies prior to a throw from 7 metres in elite and amateur handball goalkeepers. To this end we analyzed the visual fixations in number and order of 10 goalkeepers (29.7±5.4 years; 14.7±8.6 years of experience), 3 elite and 7 amateurs, during the life size projection of 14 different throws, made by different players. During each throw the movement of the eyeballs, the dilation of the pupil (pupillometry) and the subject's blinking were recorded thanks to a technological system which permitted eye tracking with high speed cameras, and the subsequent presentation of the visual data for each action studied. The elite goalkeepers performed a greater number of visual fixations than the amateur goalkeepers, revealing large and significant differences. Equally the priority zones observed were differed, with the amateur goalkeepers fixating more on the thrower's face, and the elite goalkeepers paying more attention to the area of the arm/ball. It can therefore be inferred that elite goalkeepers have a greater perceptive capacity and also use different visual strategies from the amateur goalkeepers.

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Displacements in Virtual Reality for Sports Performance Analysis

Kulpa¹,

Bideau²,

Brault³

2013

Human Walking in Virtual Environments

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In real situations, analyzing the contribution of different parameters on sports performance is a difficult task. In a duel for example, an athlete needs to anticipate his opponent's actions to win. To evaluate the relationship between perception and action in such a duel, the parameters used to anticipate the opponent's action must then be determined. Only a fully standardized and controllable environment such as virtual reality can allow this analysis. Nevertheless, movement is inherent in sports and only a system providing a complete freedom of movements of the immersed subject (including displacements) would allow the study of the link between visual information uptake and action, that is related to performance. Two case studies are described to illustrate such use of virtual reality to better understand sports performance. Finally, we discuss how the introduction of new displacement devices can extend the range of applications in sports. IntroductionSport is gaining an increasing place in nowadays societies, not only as an entertainment but also as a socio-economical matter. There is now overwhelming evidence that regular physical activity has important and wide-ranging benefits on health [14]. Moreover, sport offers great pedagogical values for young people. It conveys moral values and requires appropriate behaviors in groups. As a consequence, studying sports becomes more and more important, not only to better understand performance

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Using virtual reality to analyze links between handball thrower kinematics and goalkeeper's reactions

Cited by 68 publications

References 13 publications

Anticipatory Judgment of Tennis Serve: A Comparison between Video Images and Computer Graphics Animations

Anticipatory Judgment of Tennis Serve: A Comparison between Video Images and Computer Graphics Animations

A comparative analysis of visual strategy in elite and amateur handball goalkeepers

Displacements in Virtual Reality for Sports Performance Analysis

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