Using UVC Light-Emitting Diodes at Wavelengths of 266 to 279 Nanometers To Inactivate Foodborne Pathogens and Pasteurize Sliced Cheese

Kim, Soo‐Ji; Kim, Do-Kyun; Kang, Dong‐Hyun

doi:10.1128/aem.02092-15

Cited by 116 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It has been shown that UV sensitivity differs among different groups of micro-organisms, and that gram-negative bacteria are generally more sensitive than gram-positive bacteria, yeast, bacteria spores, molds, or viruses [40,41]. Similarly, our study showed that localized UV-C lamps were more effective for eliminating E. colifrom airborne bioaerosols than for eliminating S. Epidermidis or S. typhimurium.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Similarly, our study showed that localized UV-C lamps were more effective for eliminating E. colifrom airborne bioaerosols than for eliminating S. Epidermidis or S. typhimurium. Salmonella species were found more resistant to UV-C than E. coli [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The mechanism of UV-C pathogen inactivation is DNA damage, which results from electron movements. The pyrimidines and purine nucleic acid bases, which are the basic building blocks of DNA, absorb the photons directly from the photoproducts caused by UV-C irradiation [38][39][40]. Studies on photoreactivation of various microorganisms have also established that bacteria had developed DNA repair mechanism in an attempt to restore the structure and function of DNA [41,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A pilot study on the disinfection efficacy of localized UV on the flushing-generated spread of pathogens

Lai

Nunayon

et al. 2018

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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The process of toilet-flushing can generate flushing-associated water droplets which can potentially expose humans to pathogen-laden aerosols. Very little is known about such aerosol dissemination or the means for minimizing exposure to these aerosols. This study has evaluated the efficacy of ultraviolet waveband C (UV-C) for disinfection of flushing-generated pathogen-laden aerosols through tests with localized disinfection systems for airborne and surface contaminations. Three types of bacteria were chosen for investigation: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. Tests were conducted with UV-C tubes of 5 W and 10 W. High levels of disinfection efficacies were observed, ranging from 76% to 97% for bacteria-laden aerosols at sources of emission, and efficiencies of 53% to 79% for surface samples in localized systems. The results from the localized systems were further compared with those obtained with an upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) system. As it is important to note, the UV-C doses and ozone emissions for the localized systems were found well below the limits recommended in current guidelines. This research has shown that the disinfection of flushing-generated pathogen-laden aerosols in proximity to the source of emission was more effective than at the more distant sites where aerosols may be dispersed to the environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A pilot study on the disinfection efficacy of localized UV on the flushing-generated spread of pathogens

Lai

Nunayon

et al. 2018

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…The current finding agrees with the previous discussion of the log‐reductions in CFU counts, which showed that the gram‐positive bacterium, S. epidermidis , due to its thicker cell wall was less susceptible to irradiation by both the UR‐UVGI‐LED and the conventional UR‐UVGI‐MV systems than the gram‐negative bacteria, E. coli, and S. marcescens . Previous studies have suggested that S. epidermidis has similar responses to UV irradiation …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparison of disinfection performance of UVC‐LED and conventional upper‐room UVGI systems

2019

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We developed a novel, compact upper‐room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system with light‐emitting diode sources (UR‐UVGI‐LED) to enhance the disinfection of bioaerosols in an enclosed room space. Its effectiveness was evaluated and compared with the conventional upper‐room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system with mercury vapor sources (UR‐UVGI‐MV). Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were atomized under the well‐mixed condition and exposed to UR‐UVGI‐LED (or UR‐UVGI‐MV) device. The intensity output of the UR‐UVGI‐LED was also varied from 0% (no LED), 25%, 50% to 100% to further evaluate the UR‐UVGI‐LED disinfection effectiveness under different power levels. The decay rates for UR‐UVGI‐LED ranged from −0.1420 ± 0.04 min−1 to −0.3331 ± 0.07 min−1 for Escherichia coli, −0.1288 ± 0.01 min−1 to −0.3583 ± 0.02 min−1 for Serratia marcescens, and −0.0330 ± 0.01 min−1 to −0.0487 ± 0.01 min−1 for Staphylococcus epidermidis. It was noticed that the intensity level had a non‐linear influence on the UR‐UVGI‐LED’s performance. The decay rates achieved by the UR‐UVGI‐MV system were −0.3867 ± 0.08 min−1, −0.4745 ± 0.002 min−1, and −0.1624 ± 0.02 min−1 for Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively. Hence, the disinfection performance of both UR‐UVGI‐LED and UR‐UVGI‐MV systems was comparable for Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens. These results demonstrate that the UR‐UVGI‐LED system has a high potential to be used as a safe and effective irradiated light source to disinfect indoor airborne pathogens.

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“…Shin et al reported that UVC LED intensity was not influenced by temperature change and no warm-up time was required for maximum intensity output, whereas LP lamps had decreased output intensity at low temperature and a warm-up time of about 5 min was required (21). In addition, UVC LEDs showed much higher inactivating efficacy against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes than LP lamps at the same dosages with intensity adjustment (22). MS2, Q␤, and X174, human enteric virus surrogates, effectively lost their infectivity in batch and continuous-type water disinfection systems incorporating UVC LED arrays (23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

UVC LED Irradiation Effectively Inactivates Aerosolized Viruses, Bacteria, and Fungi in a Chamber-Type Air Disinfection System

Kim

Kang

2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

Self Cite

147

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In this study, the possibility of inactivating viral, bacterial, and fungal aerosols in a chamber-type air disinfection system by using a UVC light-emittingdiode (LED) array was investigated and inactivation rate constants of each microorganism were calculated in fitting curves of surviving populations. UVC LED array treatment effectively inactivated viral infectivity, achieving 5-log reductions within 45 mJ/cm 2 for MS2, Q␤, and X174 viruses. UVC LED array effectiveness in inactivating Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus aerosols achieved 2.5-to 4-log reductions within 1.5 to 4.6 mJ/cm 2 . Also, 4-log reductions of Aspergillus flavus and Alternaria japonica were achieved at a dosage of 23 mJ/cm 2 using UVC LED array irradiation. The highest UV susceptibility, represented by the inactivation rate constant, was calculated for bacteria, followed by fungi and viruses. UVC LED, an innovative technology, can effectively inactivate microorganisms regardless of taxonomic classification and can sufficiently substitute for conventional mercury UV lamps. IMPORTANCE The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) convened the Minamata Convention on Mercury in 2013 to ban mercury-containing products in order to ensure human and environmental health. It will be effectuated in 2020 to discontinue use of low-pressure mercury lamps and new UV-emitting sources have to replace this conventional technology. However, the UV germicidal irradiation (UVGI) system still uses conventional UV lamps, and no research has been conducted for air disinfection using UVC LEDs. The research reported here investigated the inactivation effect of aerosolized microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, with an UVC LED module. The results can be utilized as a primary database to replace conventional UV lamps with UVC LEDs, a novel type of UV emitter. Implementation of UVC LED technology is truly expected to significantly reduce the extent of global mercury contamination, and this study provides important baseline data to help ensure a healthier environment and increased health for humanity.

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Using UVC Light-Emitting Diodes at Wavelengths of 266 to 279 Nanometers To Inactivate Foodborne Pathogens and Pasteurize Sliced Cheese

Cited by 116 publications

References 18 publications

A pilot study on the disinfection efficacy of localized UV on the flushing-generated spread of pathogens

A pilot study on the disinfection efficacy of localized UV on the flushing-generated spread of pathogens

Comparison of disinfection performance of UVC‐LED and conventional upper‐room UVGI systems

UVC LED Irradiation Effectively Inactivates Aerosolized Viruses, Bacteria, and Fungi in a Chamber-Type Air Disinfection System

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