Using Ultrasound to Document the Effects of Expiratory Muscle Strength Training (EMST) on the Geniohyoid Muscle

Pauloski, Barbara Roa; Yahnke, Kacey M

doi:10.1007/s00455-021-10328-x

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Robbins et al 44 and Rogus-Pulia et al 45 reported that isometric lingual training significantly improved MTP, swallowing pressure, lingual volume, and dysphagia-specific quality of life. Similarly, Pauloski et al 46 reported that expiratory muscle strength training significantly increased geniohyoid muscle mass and strength. Practitioners must therefore consider these MTP-specific swallowing exercise programs to improve physiological functional reserve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Physical performance and maximum tongue pressure associated with oral intake independence: a retrospective study on hospitalized patients with heart failure

Yokota

Takahashi

Endo

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Dysphagia in patients with heart failure leads to poorer outcomes during hospitalization and after discharge. Therefore, addressing dysphagia is critical for improving patient prognosis. This retrospective observational study aimed to evaluate associations between improvements in swallowing dysfunction at the time of hospital discharge and the physical function, cognitive function, nutritional status, and maximum tongue pressure (MTP). Overall, 111 patients who underwent cardiac rehabilitation and were deemed to have oral intake impairment were included. The exclusion criteria comprised the following: pre-admission diagnosis of dysphagia, in-hospital death, and missing data. Patients were categorized based on whether they did (n = 65) or did not (n = 46) exhibit improvements in oral intake impairment, which were determined from the functional oral intake scale (FOIS) score at discharge. Associations between potential explanatory variables and the FOIS score at discharge were assessed using a linear regression model. After adjusting for covariates, such as age, sex, heart failure severity, short physical performance battery score, Mini-Mental State Examination score, transthyretin level, and provision of swallowing therapy, the FOIS score at discharge was significantly associated with the MTP (P = 0.024, confidence interval: 0.006–0.046). In conclusion, the MTP was independently associated with improvements in FOIS in patients with heart failure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Physical performance and maximum tongue pressure associated with oral intake independence: a retrospective study on hospitalized patients with heart failure

Yokota

Takahashi

Endo

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Decreased cross-sectional area, muscle thickness, and the brightness of the geniohyoid muscle during an ultrasound have been associated with swallowing function [ 22 ], sarcopenic dysphagia [ 23 ], and jaw opening strength [ 24 ]. Ultrasound is also used to determine the effects of swallowing exercises [ 25 , 26 ]. In addition, it is employed to evaluate the geniohyoid muscle movement during swallowing [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Geniohyoid Muscle ( Figure 1 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cross-sectional area of the geniohyoid muscle is measured in the coronal section using a linear probe [ 24 , 30 ]. The probe is placed vertical to the muscle fiber between the chin and hyoid bone [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 27 , 28 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. The probe should be placed vertical to the chin plane.…”

Section: Geniohyoid Muscle ( Figure 1 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the cross-sectional area, the geniohyoid muscle is extracted from the area surrounded by the fascia, indicated by the hyperechoic line, and the area excluding the fascia is calculated as the cross-sectional area [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. The position of the probe varies from the middle [ 25 ] to the posterior one-third [ 22 , 28 ] of the line connecting the mandible and the hyoid bone, and to the posterior one-third [ 23 , 24 ] of the line connecting the parotid gland and hyoid bone. The muscle length changes and the contraction velocity during swallowing are measured on a sagittal section using a convex probe.…”

Section: Geniohyoid Muscle ( Figure 1 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The probe is placed horizontal to the muscle fibers [ 29 , 30 , 34 ]. The measurement is usually performed in a sitting position with the head and neck supported [ 34 ]; it can also be performed in a natural position [ 25 , 27 , 31 ] or a 30° reclining position [ 23 , 30 ].…”

Section: Geniohyoid Muscle ( Figure 1 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonography for Eating and Swallowing Assessment: A Narrative Review of Integrated Insights for Noninvasive Clinical Practice

et al. 2023

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Dysphagia is a syndrome of abnormal eating function resulting from a variety of causative diseases, and is associated with malnutrition. To date, the swallowing function has been difficult to examine without the use of invasive and expensive methods, such as the videofluorographic swallowing study or fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. In recent years, progress has been made in the clinical application of ultrasound equipment for the evaluation of body compositions near the body surface, including the assessment of nutritional status. Ultrasound examination is a noninvasive procedure and relatively inexpensive, and the equipment required is highly portable thanks to innovations such as wireless probes and tablet monitoring devices. The process of using ultrasound to visualize the geniohyoid muscle, digastric muscle, mylohyoid muscle, hyoid bone, tongue, masseter muscle, genioglossus muscle, orbicularis oris muscle, temporalis muscle, pharynx, esophagus, and larynx, and the methods used for evaluating these structures, are provided in this study in detail. This study also aims to propose a protocol for the assessment of swallowing-related muscles that can be applied in real-world clinical practice for the diagnosis of sarcopenic dysphagia, which can occur in elderly patients with sarcopenia, and has received much attention in recent years.

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Preoperative geniohyoid muscle mass in esophageal cancer patients is associated with swallowing function after esophagectomy

Kawata,

Hiramatsu,

Honke

et al. 2024

Annals of Gastroent Surgery

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AimDysphagia often develops after esophagectomy. The geniohyoid muscle is involved in swallowing movements, but its significance in esophagectomy patients remains unclear. We investigated the relationship of preoperative geniohyoid muscle mass with post‐esophagectomy swallowing function.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 114 patients who underwent esophagectomy and gastric conduit reconstruction for esophageal malignancy. We evaluated preoperative geniohyoid muscle sagittal cross‐sectional areas (cm2) using computed tomography. Median values for each sex were considered as cutoff values. Dysphagia severity was assessed using the Penetration–Aspiration Scale (PAS) during video‐fluoroscopic swallowing studies performed 7–10 days postoperatively.ResultsThe cross‐sectional area was significantly larger in males than in females (3.2 ± 0.7 vs. 2.4 ± 0.5, p < 0.01: median in males: 3.2 cm2, and in females: 2.3 cm2). These values were used to define high and low cross‐sectional area groups. The cross‐sectional area correlated positively with grip strength (correlation coefficient (CC) = 0.530) and skeletal muscle index (CC = 0.541). Transthyretin levels (22.4 ± 6.8 vs. 25.4 ± 5.5, p = 0.03) and cross‐sectional area (2.6 ± 0.7 vs. 3.2 ± 0.8, p < 0.01) were significantly lower in patients with (PAS score ≥6; 20%) than in those without aspiration during fluoroscopic swallowing studies. Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was significantly more frequent in those with than in those without aspiration during fluoroscopic studies (22% vs. 5%, p = 0.03). In the multivariate analysis, low cross‐sectional area and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy were both independent risk factors for aspiration during swallowing studies (odds ratio = 3.6, p = 0.03 and odds ratio = 6.6, p = 0.02, respectively).ConclusionPreoperative geniohyoid muscle mass, evaluated using neck computed tomography, can predict dysphagia after esophagectomy.

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Using Ultrasound to Document the Effects of Expiratory Muscle Strength Training (EMST) on the Geniohyoid Muscle

Cited by 11 publications

References 68 publications

Physical performance and maximum tongue pressure associated with oral intake independence: a retrospective study on hospitalized patients with heart failure

Physical performance and maximum tongue pressure associated with oral intake independence: a retrospective study on hospitalized patients with heart failure

Ultrasonography for Eating and Swallowing Assessment: A Narrative Review of Integrated Insights for Noninvasive Clinical Practice

Preoperative geniohyoid muscle mass in esophageal cancer patients is associated with swallowing function after esophagectomy

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