Using the photoinduced reversible refractive-index change of an azobenzene co-polymer to reconfigure an optical Bragg grating

Parker, Richard; Gates, James C.; Rogers, Helen; Smith, Peter G. R.; Grossel, Martin C.

doi:10.1039/c0jm01334j

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As an example, the azobenzene group, which is also a mesogenic moiety, can be successfully integrated as pendant group into a carrier macromolecule. The efficient photoisomerization process, which converts their rod‐like trans form into the cis bent one, allows a substantial change in refractive index (Δ n ≤ 0.1) . Moreover, orientation and anisotropy can also be achieved in the nematic liquid crystals phase when polarized light is used to induce the photoisomerization ( Figure a,b) .…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Functional Solution Processed Planar 1D Photonic Crystals

Lova

Manfredi

Comoretto

2018

Advanced Optical Materials

168

226

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photonic states (PDOS), [2][3][4] which helps explaining the photoluminescence (PL) changes of materials when embedded in the PhC structure.Traditionally, PhCs have been made carving bulky inorganic dielectrics or sem iconductors. These structures are still a hot topic in photonics for optical fibers, light emitting diodes (LEDs), sensors, photo voltaic devices, lasers, discrete and integrated optical components, lightening, and quantum computing. [6] However, new solution processable photoactive materials (e.g., organic semiconductors, quantum dots, hybrid perovskites, and selfassem bling supramolecular systems) stimulated the development of PhCs grown with organic and colloidal materials by solution and melt processes. [7] Among PhCs, distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are cur rently the most interesting owing to their planar structure which generates a simple optical response that represents a playground to understand deep physical concepts, as described in Sections 2.4 and 4. DBRs are indeed made of alternated thin films of different dielectric materials. This simplicity makes them the only PhCs that can take advantage of large area growths (see Section 3.1). [8] Such fabrication methods are unconceivable with bulky inorganic DBRs and might reduce processing costs and enhance customizability, also on industrial scale, thus adding unprecedented market opportunities. Figure 1 illustrates the evolution and fabrications of solution and melt processed DBRs. The top of the Figure displays three wellknown natural DBRs belonging to animal and plant reigns: the mother of pearl, [9] the Panamanian Tortoise beetle exoskel eton, [10] and the Pollia Condensata skin, [11] whose growth is driven by the thermodynamics of spinodal phase separation. [12] The interest in these natural structures leads to their emulation until the development of solutionbased fabrication methods for flexible synthetic DBRs made of polymers and inorganic nanoparticles (Figure 1). At the base of Figure 1, we also show some applications arose only in the last decades. From left to right: the use of DBRs in functional architecture, in enhance ment of photon absorption for photovoltaic cells and modules, emission control, lasing, and sensing. [7c,13] In this paper we will first briefly review the properties of DBRs and then focus on the reasons that guided the research toward new solutionbased and largearea fabrications, describing current processes used both at the laboratory and largearea scales. We will then review the main applications of these structures comparing the performances of mesoporous inorganic and polymer devices. An overview on the properties and applications of polymer and inorganic planar 1D photonic crystals fabricated from solution is provided here. In the last decades, photonic crystals became technologically relevant for light management, photovoltaics, sensing, and lasing. Such structures are traditionally produced by lithographic and vacuum techniques, but the need to reduce costs and to scale-up the fabrication have lea...

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Functional Solution Processed Planar 1D Photonic Crystals

Lova

Manfredi

Comoretto

2018

Advanced Optical Materials

168

226

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…PESI-1 and PESI-2 were synthesized from 2,2-[N 0 -phenylethylaniline-di(4-estro-1,2-dicarboxylix)]anhydride and 2,4-diaminophenol dihydrochloride and 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid, respectively. The chromophore was prepared via the same procedure described in the article [55].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochromic supramolecular azopolyimides based on hydrogen bonds

et al. 2015

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“…Ozin and co-workers demonstrated the tuning of defect modes in PCs using azo-based polyelectrolyte planar defect layer, of which the refractive index and thickness were photochemically and thermally controllable tuned [8]. Parker et al recently reported a reconfigurable Bragg grating filter using the refractive index change produced by photo-induced isomerization of an azo-functionalized methacrylate co-polymer [9]. Thus, the manipulation of azo materials can offer an opportunity to control refractive index and optical signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Photochemical switching behavior of azo-functionalized mesoporous silica photonic crystals

Wang

et al. 2013

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials

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Using the photoinduced reversible refractive-index change of an azobenzene co-polymer to reconfigure an optical Bragg grating

Cited by 41 publications

References 22 publications

Advances in Functional Solution Processed Planar 1D Photonic Crystals

Advances in Functional Solution Processed Planar 1D Photonic Crystals

Photochromic supramolecular azopolyimides based on hydrogen bonds

Photochemical switching behavior of azo-functionalized mesoporous silica photonic crystals

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