Using the Perceptual Cycle Model and Schema World Action Research Method to generate design requirements for new avionic systems

Abstract

The Schema World Action Research Method (SWARM) has previously been used as a means to explore the underlying decision-making processes involved in retrospective incident reports. The approach has been fruitful in capturing all interacting processes involved in managing incidents. This paper proposes that SWARM may also be used prospectively within the early phases of the design lifecycle for new behavioral-based intervention strategies. Six pilot interviews were conducted to explore pilots' perceptual cycle processing when faced with a suspected engine oil leak. The aim was to explore whether there may be any deficiencies within current practise and explore ways in which pilots may be better supported in dealing with abnormal system parameters such as this. A number of design recommendations are proposed for a new avionic system capable of supporting and guiding pilots through the decision-making process.

Understanding human decision-making when controlling UAVs in a search and rescue application

“…This means that dynamic changes within the environment, which may present new information to the decision-maker, are not represented in the decision-making process despite being a defining factor of naturalistic environments (Orasanu and Connolly, 1993). While this model may suit environments where dynamic change is less important for decision-making processes, the PCM may be more appropriate when changing environmental information is central for guiding decision-making (Banks et al, 2021;Parnell et al, 2021b).…”

“…Schemata refer to the decision-maker's internally held knowledge structures derived from previous experience, which become activated in response to familiar environmental stimuli (Lieberman, 2012). The inclusion of schema within the PCM sets it apart from the RPDM, and for that reason, the model has been described as advantageous as it incorporates the decisionmaker's psychological processes and interactions within the environment (Banks et al, 2021;Parnell et al, 2021a, b).…”

“…Modelling the HRI decision-making process is challenging (Sheridan, 2016) but can deliver many benefits. Previously, decision models have been used to inform the design of user interfaces, training protocols, workstation layouts, and decision aids (Jenkins, 2012;Banks et al, 2021;Parnell et al, 2021b). The current paper discusses the use of HF decision models within HRI.…”