This paper contrasts web-based groupware with other forms of communication, such as e-mail, Iistservs, newsgroups, and proprietay con ferencing systems. We report the results of a study of more than IO0 organizations that have used web-groupware to better understand how they are using it, and what advantages and disadvantages they have experienced. We then use this data to develop a pamework for analping, organizing, and 'ffitting " groupware systems to organizational needs.