Using the five-factor model to assess disordered personality.

Lynam, Donald R.

doi:10.1037/13939-018

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The dimensional model of the DSM–5 bridges the categorical approach to personality pathology and the five-factor model (FFM), the predominant model for normative personality (Costa & McCrae, 1990; Lynam, 2013; Widiger, 2020). The FFM structures normative personality traits into five higher order domains (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness) and several lower order facets (McCrae & Costa, 2008).…”

Section: Framework For Maladaptive and Normative Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the conceptualization of personality pathology as lying on the extreme end of the common dimension, instruments assessing maladaptive personality traits might contain items that capture more extreme levels than instruments of normative personality traits. Indeed, some experts argue that the normative FFM framework might not be extensive enough, as it may not entirely capture the higher end of traits (Lynam, 2013; Nestadt et al, 2008). Accordingly, several scales used the framework of the FFM but were adapted to better assess personality pathology, such as Dimensional Personality Symptom Item Pool for children and adolescents (De Clercq, De Fruyt, & Widiger, 2009).…”

Section: Framework For Maladaptive and Normative Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DSM–5 alternative personality disorder model traits as extreme variants of five-factor model traits in adolescents.

Dijk

Krueger

Laceulle

2021

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) recognizes a developmental perspective on personality pathology owing to its proposal to conceptualize personality pathology in terms of maladaptive personality traits. Previous research has found that the DSM-5 maladaptive traits and the five-factor model (FFM) for normative personality traits share common underlying dimensions. Although the DSM-5 generally assumes DSM-5 traits to be extreme versions of FFM traits, empirical evidence is scarce in adolescents. The present study therefore extended previous studies by comparing the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 and the Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2) in an adolescent sample (n ϭ 353), using item response theory. Results indicated an underlying dimension for all domain pairs except for FFM Openness and Psychoticism. Consistent with the general assumption, IRT results demonstrated that Personality Inventory for DSM-5 scales generally provided more information than the BFI-2 scales at the upper levels of the latent dimension. The BFI-2 scales provided more information at the lower levels. For FFM Conscientiousness and Disinhibition, however, the BFI-2 scale provided more information for almost the entire range of the latent dimension. The findings indicate similarities in the DSM-5 conceptualization of personality pathology between adults and adolescents and at the same time identify important differences that need to be considered.

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Section: Framework For Maladaptive and Normative Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Framework For Maladaptive and Normative Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DSM–5 alternative personality disorder model traits as extreme variants of five-factor model traits in adolescents.

Dijk

Krueger

Laceulle

2021

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such a conceptualization is well served by measures that have been developed to capture maladaptive personality traits, rather than clinical disorders. Moreover, dimensional measures have been suggested to be particularly well-suited to capture the higher (maladaptive) end of personality traits (Lynam, 2013; Nestadt et al, 2008), as well as the richness and complexity of maladaptive personality that may not be sufficiently characterized by measures originally designed for the description of adaptive personality traits (Tromp & Koot, 2010; Widiger & Trull, 1997; Wright et al, 2017). The Dimensional Personality Symptom Item Pool (DIPSI) has been specifically designed to assess personality pathology in children and adolescents (De Clercq et al, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A developmental approach to youth maladaptive personality traits: Variable- versus person-centered change in the transition from childhood to adolescence

et al. 2022

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Increasing evidence shows that personality pathology starts to develop from (late) childhood onwards. The current study extends previous research by examining maladaptive personality change using both a variable-centered approach (i.e., mean-level changes) and a person-centered approach (i.e., latent profile transitions). Data were used from a 3-wave longitudinal study on Dutch youth (at T1: N = 492, mean age = 10.1). Maladaptive personality traits (i.e., Emotional Instability, Disagreeableness, Introversion, and Compulsivity) were assessed yearly using the Dimensional Personality Symptom Item Pool (DIPSI). A Factor of Curves model indicated presence of a higher-order developmental factor, reflecting low initial levels and small decreases over time, which explained change in all DIPSI traits. Latent profile analyses revealed three quantitatively different maladaptive personality trait profiles. Latent Transition Analysis demonstrated substantial stability in profiles over time. Small groups showed a transition toward another (often more adaptive) profile. Although a person-centered approach may have some merit when aiming to detect high-risk subgroups, the current results suggest that a variable-centered approach—and a Factor of Curves model capturing shared underlying developmental processes in particular—is favorable over a person-centered approach.

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Using the five-factor model of personality to identify an optimal SWAT team member

Sjöberg,

Larsson,

Tedeholm

2024

International Journal of Police Science & Management

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This study, based on the five-factor model (FFM) of personality, aimed to identify personality traits associated with the most optimal special weapons and tactics (SWAT) team member. SWAT teams are tasked with pre-empting and responding to terrorist threats, conducting hostage rescue operations, and managing situations that exceed the capabilities of conventional law enforcement agencies. The study sought to provide a deeper understanding of how personality traits function within the high-stakes context of these teams. It involved 159 male SWAT officers in active service within the Swedish Police Authority. A work analysis instrument, the Personality Job Profiler (PJP), was administered to these officers, who served as subject matter experts (SMEs) in a comprehensive personality work analysis. Specifically, the study addressed two research questions: How can an optimal SWAT police officer personality profile be operationalized when translated to the FFM of personality? What is the association between this optimal SWAT profile and the ratings of ten Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders personality disorder profiles, based on the FFM of personality? The findings suggest that successful SWAT officers should exhibit low neuroticism and high conscientiousness, specifically featuring low vulnerability and high levels of competence, dutifulness, and self-discipline. Notably, the SWAT profile differs significantly from personality disorders, such as borderline, schizotypal, dependent, and avoidant, when operationalized with the FFM of personality. These results have significant implications for developing predictors for the selection process and can enhance the selection procedures for future SWAT members. This may also prompt further studies on criteria-related validity using various personality assessment methods.

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Using the five-factor model to assess disordered personality.

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

DSM–5 alternative personality disorder model traits as extreme variants of five-factor model traits in adolescents.

DSM–5 alternative personality disorder model traits as extreme variants of five-factor model traits in adolescents.

A developmental approach to youth maladaptive personality traits: Variable- versus person-centered change in the transition from childhood to adolescence

Using the five-factor model of personality to identify an optimal SWAT team member

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