Using the Earth as a Polarized Electron Source to Search for Long-Range Spin-Spin Interactions

Abstract

Many particle-physics models that extend the standard model predict the existence of long-range spin-spin interactions. We propose an approach that uses the Earth as a polarized spin source to investigate these interactions. Using recent deep-Earth geophysics and geochemistry results, we create a comprehensive map of electron polarization within the Earth induced by the geomagnetic field. We examine possible long-range interactions between these spin-polarized geoelectrons and the spin-polarized electrons and nucleons in three laboratory experiments. By combining our model and the results from these experiments, we establish bounds on torsion gravity and possible long-range spin-spin forces associated with the virtual exchange of either spin-one axial bosons or unparticles.

Experimental Approach Towards Long-Range Interactions from 1.6 to 13798 km Distances in Bio-Hybrid Systems

“…The long-range, e.g. spin-spin, interactions are well established research topic (Hunter et al, 2013). Moreover, multiple works discuss this phenomenon also for macroscopic 2 Distance Measurement Tool at maps.google.com.…”

Using Geoelectrons to Search for Velocity-Dependent Spin-Spin Interactions

“…A new approach to the study of anomalous long-range spin-spin interactions was recently reported [1]. In the presence of the geomagnetic field, some of the electrons within paramagnetic minerals within the Earth acquire a small spin polarization.…”

“…Dobrescu and Mocioiu enumerated nine possible spin-spin interactions associated with the exchange of a vector boson (like the z') that are compatible with rotational invariance [9]. Stringent limits have now been placed on the three velocity-independent interactions both at long range [1,4,5,10 ] and at atomic scales [2,3,7]. The remaining six interactions (numbered as in Ref.…”

“…Five of the six possible potentials investigated were previously unbounded. The bound achieved on V 8 is about 30 orders of magnitude more restrictive in the long-range limit than the only previously established constraint.Recently, there has been renewed interest in exploring possible anomalous spin-spin interactions mediated by new particles [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Observation of such an interaction would constitute the discovery of a new force in nature and suggest physics beyond the standard model of particle physics.…”

“…The bounds on the electron (e) energy when its spin is oriented North (N) and East (E) are derived from the Seattle (47.658 N, 122.3 W) spinpolarized torsion-pendulum experiment: ̂< 5.9 × 10 −21 and < 8 × 10 −22 [12]. The bounds on the neutron (n) and proton (p) orientation-dependent energy obtained from the Amherst ( 42.37 N, 72.53 W) experiments are ̂< 4.2⋅10 −21 and ̂< 4.3⋅10 −20 [13] and < 2.9 × 10 −21 and < 3 × 10 −20 [1]. Another Seattle experiment, initially intended to measure possible couplings between nuclear spin and gravity, yields a bound for proton and neutron spin orientations along the Earth's spin axis (z): ̂< 1.2 × 10 −20 and ̂< 1.8 × 10 −20 [ 14 ].…”