Using the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model to Study the Effects of Group Composition

Abstract

We extend the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM), a model originally proposed for the analysis of dyadic data, to the study of groups. We call this extended model the group actor-partner interdependence model or GAPIM. For individual outcomes (e.g., satisfaction with the group), we propose a group composition model with four effects; for group-level outcomes (e.g., group productivity), we propose a model with two effects; and for dyad-level outcomes (e.g., liking of each of the other members of the group), a model with seven effects. For instance, for an individual outcome with gender as the group composition variable the effects are gender of the actor, gender of the other group members, actor similarity in gender to the others in the group, and the others' similarity in gender. For each of these models, we discuss the ways in which different submodels map onto social-psychological processes. We illustrate the GAPIM with two data sets.

Positivity within teamwork: Cross-level effects of positivity on performance

“…Analyses were conducted on a sample of 232 participants from three Italian organizations with the Group Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (Kenny & Garcia, 2012). Results corroborate previous findings attesting to the beneficial effects of positivity on organizational behaviours and in particular attest to the crucial role of others' positivity in neutralizing an individual's low positivity.…”

“…Thus, understanding how group members behave or feel as a function of the others in the group is a critical issue raising different questions regarding the relationship between members and their own group (Ervin & Bonito, 2014;Kenny & Garcia, 2012). The most basic question is the effect of a person's fit into the group or the person's similarity to the other members, but there is also the effect of the group's average, sometimes called group climate, on individuals (Florin, Giamartino, Kenny, & Wandersman, 1990).…”

Microdynamics in Diverse Teams: A Review and Integration of the Diversity and Stereotyping Literatures

“…To provide a clear summary and integration of our review of the diversity and stereotyping literatures, we visually integrated the main points into a temporal model of the Figure 4a delineates the microdynamics in the forming phase, and Figure 4b shows the recurring microdynamics in the functioning phase. In line with calls for multilevel (Kozlowski, 2012) and cross-level (Kenny & Garcia, 2012) conceptualizations of team processes, the MIDST model distinguishes between three levels. The first (lowest) level is that of a target team member, the second The stereotype content model (Fiske et al, 2002), role congruity theory and the lack-of-fit fit model (Heilman, 1983) indicate that the level of warmth and competence that perceiving members attribute to a target team member depends on how the target member is categorized (e.g.…”

An Overview of Classroom Composition Research on Social-Emotional Outcomes: Introduction to the Special Issue

“…Another recent approach that takes the potential relevance of different distributional measures characterizing group composition systematically into account is the so-called group actor-partner interdependence model (Garcia, Meagher, & Kenny, 2015;Kenny & Garcia, 2012). For example, for an individual outcome with gender as the group composition variable, Kenny and Garcia (2012) proposed to include in the model the gender of the individual actor, gender of the other group members, actor similarity in gender to the others in the group, and the others' similarity in gender.…”

“…For example, for an individual outcome with gender as the group composition variable, Kenny and Garcia (2012) proposed to include in the model the gender of the individual actor, gender of the other group members, actor similarity in gender to the others in the group, and the others' similarity in gender.…”