Using SWAT Model to Estimate the Water Balance of Wadi Al-Mohammadi Basin, Western Iraq

Al-Kubaisi, Mahmood H. D.; Al-Kubaisi, Qusai Y. S.

doi:10.24996/ijs.2023.64.3.21

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…According to (Al Kubaisi, 2008) who indicated that the intervals of the trend of the center of the depositional basin through Erbil basin had a thickness of about 3048 m. Also, the sediment was composed of the (siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerate) this occurred during the upper Miocene, Pliocene and Pleistocene, an uplift with intensive folding and thrusting and concurrent subsidence of deep basins had occurred in North and North East of Iraq, see Figure 3:…”

Section: Hydrogeological Conditions Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological study and assessment of water budget for Erbil basin, Kurdistan region, Iraq

2024

Global NEST Journal

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<p>This research is conducted on Erbil basin, it is located in northern part of Iraq, the basin is composed of three main sub-basins which are: Northern part (Kapran), Central sub-basin and Southern part (Bashtepa) respectively. The total area of three sub-basins are approximately (3,200 km2). The main sources of aquifer recharge in the study area is depends on precipitation. The article estimated the percentage and amount of water budget elements for the selected basin. Therefore, the paper evaluates the obtained climate data form Erbil meteorological station for (25 years) to evaluate the water budget in the study area. The main objective to assess the Erbil basin water budget and determine amount of the each parameters related to the study area. Based on the results of this study data analysis the amount of the mean monthly temperature (18.94 C̊), and sun shine (8.18 hr/day), the average relative humidity is (47.82%), the evaporation percentage is (54%) of the precipitation. The study concluded that the amonut of the rainfall data is (394.65mm) and the percentage of precipitation over Erbil basin is (100%), the Recharge into groundwater is (24.23%), the Runoff and Evporation are (21.77%) and (54%) respectively.</p>

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Section: Hydrogeological Conditions Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological study and assessment of water budget for Erbil basin, Kurdistan region, Iraq

2024

Global NEST Journal

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“…The yearly dryness treatment was used to analyze the climatic type using equations, which Al-Kubaisi (2004) [16] devised and is based on temperature and rainfall totals: AI-1= (1*P) / (11.525*t) (t is not equal to zero) …………………………………… (5) AI-2 = 2 √P / t ……………………………………………………………………… (6) Where P is the amount of yearly precipitation (mm), t is the temperature (°C), and AI is aridity index.…”

Section: Al-kubaisimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rainfall occurs between November and April, with May being the exception. While, May to October months, are the hottest and with no rain [2]. In Iraq, the highest recorded temperatures vary from above 48°C in July and August to below zero °C in January [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Parameter Uses as Indices For Assessment of Climate Change and Water Balance in Erbil Sub-Basin North –Iraq

Hamed

2023

Iraqi Journal of Science

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The main goal of this study was to assess the climatic parameters in a valuable basin in northern part of Iraq, Erbil central sub-basin. Rainfall, relative humidity, temperature, evaporation, sunshine duration, and wind speed are the climate variables used in this study. The investigated periods (1980-2021) of Erbil meteorological data were used to assess the climatic and drought conditions in the studied basin. The results show a noticeable drop in relative humidity and rainfall over the past two decades, as well as a considerable rise in temperature and evaporation. The mean annual rainfall was 416mm, relative humidity is 48.74% used as term of water availability, and mean annual temperature is 22°C, total annual evaporation was 2257.59mm, sunshine duration was 8.2 hours/day, and wind speed is 1.7m/s were used as water loss elements. Kharufa technique was applied to determine the potential evapotranspiration, water deficit and water surplus periods. According to the findings, there is a total of 2257.59 mm of potential evapotranspiration, water excess, and water deficit, 89.22mm, and 1953.95mm, respectively. Annual surface runoff was 37.85mm, and annual recharge from rainfall was 13.07%. Alkubaisi classification for climate type were utilized to identify the Erbil central sub-climatic basin's type. The results showed that the climate is arid based on the initial categorisation, moist to sub-arid according to the second cataloguing, and dry according to the third cataloguing.

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“…Several researchers studied the study area and its surroundings in the Western Desert, for example, [6][7][8][9][10][11]. They all had different studies on water resources, but like water harvesting, they did not mention it as a water management technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delineation Suitable Rainwater Harvesting Sites in Wadi Al-Mohammadi, Iraq

Al-Kubaisi,

Al-Kubaisi

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Water harvesting has become one of the topics of concern to most water specialists, due to its importance in managing water and preserving it from squandering. Wadi Al-Mohammadi is an example of a valley that needs the application of water harvesting and the exploitation of rainwater at all levels, being one of the main valleys in the Iraqi desert where surface water is lacking. The outcomes for water harvesting were derived using the SWAT model. Morphometric, the basin’s shape is far from being circular. Climatologic, the trend line indicates a clear increase in the total rainfall, relative humidity, temperature, and solar radiation, while the trend line indicates a decrease in the wind speed during the observed period. The main contributor to the total flow of Wadi Al-Mohammadi basin was surface runoff of about 99%, the base flow of about 1%, while the groundwater flow did not contribute any amount of that water. The annual average flow discharge was 0.138 m3/s with the average annual water volume being about 4.366 Mm3, while the average annual water volume calculated from runoff was about 4.651 Mm3. Dam 1 is the best-selected site with a suitable index of 97.5 followed by Dam 5, and Dam 2 with a suitable index of 95 and 90, respectively. Hence it falls under the category of highly suitable. The Dam 3 site falls within the modestly suitable category. Finally, the site of Dam 4 could not be established, because they had a suitability index of less than 70.

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Using SWAT Model to Estimate the Water Balance of Wadi Al-Mohammadi Basin, Western Iraq

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Hydrological study and assessment of water budget for Erbil basin, Kurdistan region, Iraq

Hydrological study and assessment of water budget for Erbil basin, Kurdistan region, Iraq

Climate Parameter Uses as Indices For Assessment of Climate Change and Water Balance in Erbil Sub-Basin North –Iraq

Delineation Suitable Rainwater Harvesting Sites in Wadi Al-Mohammadi, Iraq

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