Using suite energy-use and interior condition data to improve energy modeling of a 1960s MURB

Abstract

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Inter‐zonal airflow in multi‐unit residential buildings: A review of the magnitude and interaction of driving forces, measurement techniques and magnitudes, and its impact on building performance

“…64 Field studies have yielded similar results. 43,45,65 Back-draft of exhaust ventilation air is also possible in buildings with large interior stack pressures. 66 Uncontrolled inter-zonal airflows also affect where the MUA originates.…”

Rethinking Performance Gaps: A Regenerative Sustainability Approach to Built Environment Performance Assessment

“…• energy models struggle to account for the actual/future usage of a building and seldom account for occupancy schedules and levels; • accurate representations of occupant behaviour are not part of the typical modelling practices; • weather files provide historic and therefore inaccurate weather data used in the simulations [39]; and • studies have shown design-assist and compliance energy models prepared at the design stage are rarely verified or calibrated through as-built models, which provide predictions of energy performance based on what is actually built [16] (pp. [12][13][14].…”

Evaluating a proposed retrofit measure for a multi-unit residential building which uses an air-source heat pump operating in an enclosed balcony space

“…While this work focuses on the modeled impacts of the proposed retrofits, this modeling was based on the results of both field monitoring and laboratory testing. The performance of the base case building-level model was determined from data collected from an occupied MURB over the course of one year [6]. Development of the model output processor was informed by laboratory testing of a suite-based ASHP operating in an enclosed balcony space.…”

“…In previous work by the authors [6], a calibrated energy model was developed for a subject MURB constructed in 1968. The MURB on which this model was based exhibited many of the characteristics common to other post-war MURBs including exposed slab edges, pressurized-corridor make-up air supply, hydronic baseboard heating and no central air-conditioning.…”

“…A south-facing suite in Toronto will see a significantly lower heating load than a north-facing suite due to the space heating benefit of the incident solar radiation. However, uncontrolled solar gains can also result in overheating of the south-facing suites [6]. This overheating can lead to occupants opening windows and, consequently, increased energy losses due to uncontrolled air movement.…”