Using silkworm excrement and spent lead paste to prepare additives for improving the cycle life of lead-acid batteries

Hu, Yi; Li, Jie Cai; Ali, Asad; Shen, Pei Kang

doi:10.1016/j.est.2021.102785

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The chlorophyll ethanol-extracted silkworm excrement is a kind of environmental pollutant that is difficult to be reused [ 6 , 8 ]. Two haloarchaea, strains A85 and A112, isolated and identified from the silkworm excrement in this study were shown to convert inexpensive carbon sources to PHAs under high-salt conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bombyx mori (silkworm) take mulberry leaves as their main food. The feces of Bombyx mori , referred in this study as the silkworm excrement (SE), is a typical agricultural waste in the sericulture industry in China [ 6 ]. Since the gastrointestinal tract of Bombyx mori is very inefficient in digesting mulberry leaves, silkworm excrement is nutritious, containing different crude proteins, polysaccharides, crude fibers, chlorophyll, pectin, and other active ingredients [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Unsterilized Hyper-Saline Medium by Halophiles Using Waste Silkworm Excrement as Carbon Source

Cai

et al. 2021

Molecules

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The chlorophyll ethanol-extracted silkworm excrement was hardly biologically reused or fermented by most microorganisms. However, partial extremely environmental halophiles were reported to be able to utilize a variety of inexpensive carbon sources to accumulate polyhydroxyalkanoates. In this study, by using the nile red staining and gas chromatography assays, two endogenous haloarchaea strains: Haloarcula hispanica A85 and Natrinema altunense A112 of silkworm excrement were shown to accumulate poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) up to 0.23 g/L and 0.08 g/L, respectively, when using the silkworm excrement as the sole carbon source. The PHA production of two haloarchaea showed no significant decreases in the silkworm excrement medium without being sterilized compared to that of the sterilized medium. Meanwhile, the CFU experiments revealed that there were more than 60% target PHAs producing haloarchaea cells at the time of the highest PHAs production, and the addition of 0.5% glucose into the open fermentation medium can largely increase both the ratio of target haloarchaea cells (to nearly 100%) and the production of PHAs. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the feasibility of using endogenous haloarchaea to utilize waste silkworm excrement, effectively. The introduce of halophiles could provide a potential way for open fermentation to further lower the cost of the production of PHAs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Unsterilized Hyper-Saline Medium by Halophiles Using Waste Silkworm Excrement as Carbon Source

Cai

et al. 2021

Molecules

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“…Mulberry leaves are the main feed of Bombyx mori (silkworm; Hu et al, 2021 ). Due to the characteristic of the digestive tract of silkworm, the silkworm excrement always contains large numbers of incompletely digested mulberry leaves, which are rich in nutrients ( Park et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the relatively high content of cadmium, arsenic, and other heavy metals are usually present in silkworm excrement because of the high heavy metals absorption capacity of the mulberry ( Jiang et al, 2020 ), which makes silkworm excrement hard to be applied in biological reutilization. In the southwest of China, the massive stacking of silkworm excrement has brought serious environmental pollution ( Hu et al, 2021 ). At present, the utilization of silkworm excrement for chlorophyll production has been well developed ( Han et al, 2013b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the production of high 3HV content PHBV via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei

Cai

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Silkworm excrement is hard to be degraded or bio-utilized by environmental microorganisms due to its high content of heavy metals and antimicrobial biomacromolecules in mulberry leaves. In traditional Chinese silk industry, the silkworm excrement results in environmental problems. In this study, the silkworm excrement after chlorophyll ethanol-extraction was researched. An open fermentation strategy was developed using the silkworm excrement as the sole or partial carbon source by haloarchaea to accumulate polyhydroxyalkanoates. As a haloarchaeon with strong carbon source utilization ability, Haloferax mediterranei was found to accumulate a certain amount of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate; PHBV) using waste silkworm excrement. The results showed that the addition of silkworm excrement into glucose based fermentation medium can significantly improve the production of PHBV. Using a mixture carbon source including the extract of silkworm excrement and glucose (with a 1:1 carbon content ratio), the yield of PHBV was 1.73 ± 0.12 g/l, which showed a 26% increase than that of fermentation without the silkworm excrement addition. When the NaCl content of medium was set to approximately 15%, fermentation without sterilization was performed using silkworm excrement as the carbon source. Moreover, the addition of the silkworm excrement extract could increase the 3-hydroxyvalerate (3 HV) content of PHBV regardless of the sterilization or non-sterilization fermentation conditions. When using silkworm excrement as the sole carbon source, the 3 HV content was as high as 16.37 ± 0.54 mol %. The real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the addition of the silkworm excrement could specifically enhance the expression of genes involved in the aspartate/2-ketobutyric acid pathway related to 3 HV synthesis in H. mediterranei, and further analysis of the amino acid of the silkworm excrement suggested that the high content of threonine in the silkworm excrement might be the reason for the increase of 3 HV content. Taken together, the success of non-sterile fermentation in hypersaline condition using haloarchaea implied a novel way to reuse the silkworm excrement, which not only reduces the production costs of PHBV, but also is conducive to environmental protection.

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“…Others reported that new lead oxide powder as active material showed good electrochemical performance, but ball milling lead powder is better. 7,8 The above studies show that it is feasible to directly apply lead oxide recovered from lead paste as active material, yet its overall performance is still not satisfactory, due to the containing lead metal in the ball milling lead powder but not in recovered lead powder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the performance of recovered lead oxide powder from waste lead paste as active material for lead‐acid battery

Cao

Chen

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary It is a very green process to recover lead resources from waste lead‐acid batteries for remanufacturing lead‐acid batteries but recovered lead oxide from waste lead‐acid battery as active electrode material often exhibits poor performance. In this paper, HRPSoC (high rate charged) cycle life can be greatly improved by adding two kinds of nanometer lead sulfate carbon composite material into the anode material prepared from recovered lead oxide powder. PbSO4/Pb@CB (PPC) and PbSO4/Pb@MC (PMC) composite material have a multistage porous/mesoporous structure to provide a reaction site of Pb deposition and to increase the electrochemical active area of lead‐carbon electrode, which improves the circulation reversibility. The resulting HRPSoC of lead‐acid battery of PPC and PMC battery is 45 957 and 6767 cycles, which are 15.5 and 2.8 times that of a blank battery (2960), respectively. The proposed research provides a promising strategy for directly using active substances of recycled lead powder for lead‐acid batteries which greatly benefit to lead resource recycling.

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Using silkworm excrement and spent lead paste to prepare additives for improving the cycle life of lead-acid batteries

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Unsterilized Hyper-Saline Medium by Halophiles Using Waste Silkworm Excrement as Carbon Source

Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Unsterilized Hyper-Saline Medium by Halophiles Using Waste Silkworm Excrement as Carbon Source

Study on the production of high 3HV content PHBV via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei

Improving the performance of recovered lead oxide powder from waste lead paste as active material for lead‐acid battery

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