Using silica nanoparticles for modifying sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) membrane for direct methanol fuel cell: A significant improvement on cell performance

Su, Yu‐Sheng; Liu, Ying‐Ling; Sun, Yi-Ming; Lai, Juin‐Yih; Guiver, Michael D.; Gao, Yan

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.233

Cited by 67 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, the formation of proton conducting channels in the nanocomposite PEMs is still only a postulation. Our previous papers also reported that silica nanoparticles are effective as additives for PEMs for enhancing the properties of PEMs for use in DMFC [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Increases in the proton conductivity and selectivity of proton exchange membranes for direct methanol fuel cells by formation of nanocomposites having proton conducting channels

Liu

Wang

et al. 2009

Journal of Power Sources

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We explore an approach to effectively enhance the properties of cost-effective hydrocarbon protonexchange membranes for application in the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). This approach utilizes sulfonated silica nanoparticles (SA-SNP) as additives to modify sulfonated poly(arylene ether ether ketone ketone) (SPAEEKK). The interaction between the sulfonic acid groups of SA-SNP and those of SPAEEKK combined with hydrophilic-hydrophobic phase separation induce the formation of proton conducting channels, as evidenced by TEM images, which contribute to increases in the proton conductivity of the SPAEEKK/SA-SNP nanocomposite membrane. The presence of SA-SNP nanoparticles also reduces methanol crossover in the membrane. Therefore, the SPAEEKK/SA-SNP nanocomposite membrane shows a high selectivity, which is 2.79-fold the selectivity of Nafion ® 117. The improved selectivity of the SPAEEKK/SNP nanocomposite membrane demonstrates potential of this approach in providing hydrocarbon-based PEMs as alternatives to Nafion in direct methanol fuel cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Increases in the proton conductivity and selectivity of proton exchange membranes for direct methanol fuel cells by formation of nanocomposites having proton conducting channels

Liu

Wang

et al. 2009

Journal of Power Sources

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“…No silica agglomeration occurred on the membrane surface. On the other hand, nanocomposite membrane (NM-silica-5) prepared from sPPEK and pristine silica nanoparticles (without surface sulfonation modification) [21] exhibited a micro-phase separation on the membrane surface (Fig. 2b).…”

Section: Preparation Of Sppek/silica-so 3 H Nanocomposite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formation of crosslinked polyelectrolytes and polyelectrolyte interpenetrating networks are also reported to enhance PEM performance for use in DMFC [15,16]. Organic-inorganic nanocomposites represent another useful approach to PEM modification [17][18][19][20][21]. Layered clays and silica nanoparticles are two major inorganic reinforcements in PEM modifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton exchange membranes modified with sulfonated silica nanoparticles for direct methanol fuel cells☆

Liu

Sun

et al. 2007

Journal of Membrane Science

153

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Nanocomposite proton exchange membranes were prepared from sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) (sPPEK) and various amounts of sulfonated silica nanoparticles (silica-SO 3 H). The use of silica-SO 3 H compensates for the decrease in ion exchange capacity of membranes observed when non-sulfonated nano-fillers are utilized. The strong -SO 3 H/-SO 3 H interaction between sPPEK chains and silica-SO 3 H particles leads to ionic cross-linking in the membrane structure, which increases both the thermal stability and methanol resistance of the membranes. The membrane with 7.5 phr of silica-SO 3 H (phr = g of silica-SO 3 H/100 g of sPPEK in membranes) exhibits low methanol crossover, high bound-water content, and a proton conductivity of 3.6 fold increase to that of the pristine sPPEK membrane.

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“…Nevertheless, the performances of these alternatives cannot compete against the Nafion membrane. Alternatively, inorganic fillers, such as silica, titanium oxide and boron phosphate, have been applied to membranes [10][11][12]. Not only have these hydrocarbon-based membranes and inorganic composite membranes been explored, but also the application of protic ionic liquid (PIL) doped into those hydrocarbon-based membranes has been recently studied to promote the performance of PEM above 100 °C [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Conductivity of Sulfonated Polyimides as Proton Exchange Membranes by Doping of a Protic Ionic Liquid

Chen

Wong

et al. 2014

Polymers

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Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are a key component of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Sulfonated polyimides (SPIs) were doped by protic ionic liquid (PIL) to prepare composite PEMs with substantially improved conductivity. SPIs were synthesized from diamine, 2,2-bis[4-(4-amino-phenoxy)phenyl]propane (BAPP), sulfonated diamine, 4,4'-diamino diphenyl ether-2,2'-disulfonic acid (ODADS) and aromatic anhydride. BAPP improved the mechanical and thermal properties of SPIs, while ODADS enhanced conductivity. A PIL, 1-vinylimidazolium trifluoromethane-sulfonate ([VIm][OTf]), was utilized. [VIm][OTf] offered better conductivity, which can be attributed to its vinyl chemical structure attached to an imidazolium ring that contributed to ionomer-PIL interactions. We prepared sulfonated polyimide/ionic liquid (SPI/IL) composite PEMs using 50 wt% [VIm][OTf] with a conductivity of 7.17 mS/cm at 100 °C, and in an anhydrous condition, 3,3',4,4'-diphenyl sulfone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (DSDA) was used in the synthesis of SPIs, leading to several hundred-times improvement in conductivity compared to pristine SPIs.

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Using silica nanoparticles for modifying sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) membrane for direct methanol fuel cell: A significant improvement on cell performance

Cited by 67 publications

References 33 publications

Increases in the proton conductivity and selectivity of proton exchange membranes for direct methanol fuel cells by formation of nanocomposites having proton conducting channels

Increases in the proton conductivity and selectivity of proton exchange membranes for direct methanol fuel cells by formation of nanocomposites having proton conducting channels

Proton exchange membranes modified with sulfonated silica nanoparticles for direct methanol fuel cells☆

Improving the Conductivity of Sulfonated Polyimides as Proton Exchange Membranes by Doping of a Protic Ionic Liquid

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