Using Remote Sensing to Map the Risk of Human Monkeypox Virus in the Congo Basin

Fuller, Trevon; Thomassen, Henri A.; Mulembakani, Prime; Johnston, Sara C.; Lloyd‐Smith, James O.; Kisalu, Neville K.; Lutete, Timothee K.; Blumberg, Seth; Fair, Joseph N.; Wolfe, Nathan; Shongo, Robert L.; Formenty, Pierre; Meyer, Hermann; Wright, Linda L.; Muyembe, Jean-Jacques; Buermann, Wolfgang; Saatchi, Sassan; Okitolonda, Emile; Hensley, Lisa E.; Smith, Thomas B.; Rimoin, Anne W.

doi:10.1007/s10393-010-0355-5

Cited by 59 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Another previous study of monkeypox occurrence based on ecologic niche modeling focused on a restricted region of the Congo Basin (Sankuru District; Fuller et al, 2010). Those authors provided an interesting perspective on monkeypox case distributions across a restricted area of the Congo Basin and speculated on virus-host relationships in a preliminary fashion.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and Geography of Human Monkeypox Case Occurrences Across Africa

Ellis¹,

Carroll²,

Lash³

et al. 2012

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:As ecologic niche modeling (ENM) evolves as a tool in spatial epidemiology and public health, selection of the most appropriate and informative environmental data sets becomes increasingly important. Here, we build on a previous ENM analysis of the potential distribution of human monkeypox in Africa by refining georeferencing criteria and using more-diverse environmental data to identify environmental parameters contributing to monkeypox distributional ecology. Significant environmental variables include annual precipitation, several temperature-related variables, primary productivity, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and pH. The potential distribution identified with this set of variables was broader than that identified in previous analyses but does not include areas recently found to hold monkeypox in southern Sudan. Our results emphasize the importance of selecting the most appropriate and informative environmental data sets for ENM analyses in pathogen transmission mapping.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and Geography of Human Monkeypox Case Occurrences Across Africa

Ellis¹,

Carroll²,

Lash³

et al. 2012

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Efforts to identify and predict risky geographic areas for emerging zoonoses have focused primarily on publicly available data, remote sensing of species habitat, and other large-scale population measures ( 4 , 5 ). A major limitation of these risk mapping approaches is that they typically rely on crude measures of spatial risk, including presence or absence of species or population densities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of Humans, Bats, Trees, and Culture in Nipah Virus Transmission, Bangladesh

Gurley¹,

Hegde²,

Hossain³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Preventing emergence of new zoonotic viruses depends on understanding determinants for human risk. Nipah virus (NiV) is a lethal zoonotic pathogen that has spilled over from bats into human populations, with limited person-to-person transmission. We examined ecologic and human behavioral drivers of geographic variation for risk of NiV infection in Bangladesh. We visited 60 villages during 2011–2013 where cases of infection with NiV were identified and 147 control villages. We compared case villages with control villages for most likely drivers for risk of infection, including number of bats, persons, and date palm sap trees, and human date palm sap consumption behavior. Case villages were similar to control villages in many ways, including number of bats, persons, and date palm sap trees, but had a higher proportion of households in which someone drank sap. Reducing human consumption of sap could reduce virus transmission and risk for emergence of a more highly transmissible NiV strain.

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“…The major reservoir of MPXV, in spite of its name, is believed to be rodents, particularly squirrels (10,21,36). The year 2003 outbreak of human monkeypox in the midwestern United States was caused by a West African strain carried by infected rodents imported from Ghana, highlighting the ease of transport and spread of MPXV to regions of the globe where the virus is not endemic (35).…”

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confidence: 99%

Lethal Monkeypox Virus Infection of CAST/EiJ Mice Is Associated with a Deficient Gamma Interferon Response

Earl

Americo

Moss

2012

J Virol

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Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is endemic in Africa, where it causes disease in humans resembling smallpox. A recent importation of MPXV-infected animals into the United States raises the possibility of global spread. Rodents comprise the major reservoir of MPXV, and a variety of such animals, even those native to North America, are susceptible. In contrast, common inbred strains of mice, including BALB/c and C57BL/6, are greatly resistant to MPXV. However, several inbred strains of mice derived from wild mice, including CAST/EiJ, exhibit morbidity and mortality at relatively low inoculums of MPXV. Elucidating the basis for the susceptibility of CAST/EiJ mice could contribute to an understanding of MPXV pathogenicity and host defense mechanisms and enhance the value of this mouse strain as a model system for evaluation of therapeutics and vaccines. Here we compared virus dissemination and induced cytokine production in CAST/EiJ mice to those in the resistant BALB/c strain. Following intranasal infection, robust virus replication occurred in the lungs of both strains, although a relatively higher inoculum was required for BALB/c. However, while spread to other internal organs was rapid and efficient in CAST/EiJ mice, the virus was largely restricted to the lungs in BALB/c mice. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and CCL5 were induced in lungs of BALB/c mice concomitant with virus replication but not in CAST/EiJ mice. The importance of IFN-γ in protection against MPXV disease was demonstrated by the intranasal administration of the mouse cytokine to CAST/EiJ mice and the resulting protection against MPXV. Furthermore, C57BL/6 mice with inactivation of the IFN-γ gene or the IFN-γ receptor gene exhibited enhanced sensitivity to MPXV.

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Using Remote Sensing to Map the Risk of Human Monkeypox Virus in the Congo Basin

Cited by 59 publications

References 32 publications

Ecology and Geography of Human Monkeypox Case Occurrences Across Africa

Ecology and Geography of Human Monkeypox Case Occurrences Across Africa

Convergence of Humans, Bats, Trees, and Culture in Nipah Virus Transmission, Bangladesh

Lethal Monkeypox Virus Infection of CAST/EiJ Mice Is Associated with a Deficient Gamma Interferon Response

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