Using red light for in situ observations of deep-sea fishes

Widder, Edith A.; Robison, Bruce H.; Reisenbichler, Kim R.; Haddock, S. H. D.

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2005.06.007

Cited by 125 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Red light as a form of unobtrusive illumination has been employed in multiple shallow-water studies (Jury et al 2002, Mills et al 2005) and a few deep-sea studies (e.g. Widder et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study a relatively unobtrusive video observation system, the Eye-in-the-Sea (EITS) (Widder et al 2005) was used to record the response of deepsea animals to different wavelengths of light in situ. The vast majority of deep-sea fishes possess a single visual pigment, with maximal sensitivity in the bluegreen region of the visible spectrum , which coincides with the available wavelengths of light from attenuated surface radiance and bioluminescence (Denton 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral responses of two deep-sea fish species to red, far-red, and white light

Raymond¹,

Widder²

2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The relatively unobtrusive deep-sea camera system Eye-in-the-Sea (EITS) was deployed in Monterey Bay Canyon, California, USA, to assess the relative photosensitivity of 2 deepsea fishes, Coryphaenoides acrolepis and Anoplopoma fimbria. Previous studies addressing the in situ response of deep-sea fishes to red and white light were done in the presence of ROV-induced stimuli. Here, we report on the behavioral response of C. acrolepis and A. fimbria in a vehicle-free environment when subjected to white (full visible spectrum), red (685 nm), and far-red (695 nm) illumination in situ. Under far-red light conditions, A. fimbria spent significantly more time in the fieldof-view and demonstrated an increase in entrances/exits when compared to the situation under red-light and white-light conditions. No significant difference in the average time C. acrolepis spent in the field-of-view was found between any of the test wavelengths; however, the entrances-to-exits ratio for C. acrolepis decreased during white-light conditions. While A. fimbria often displayed a flight response at the onset of white and sometimes red (685 nm) illumination, C. acrolepis did not demonstrate a similar behavioral response when exposed to light within its range of visual sensitivity. A. fimbria undergo a dramatic ontogenic shift in depth, inhabiting well-lit, near-shore waters as juveniles and moving into deeper waters as adults. It is thought that C. acrolepis spend part of their early life history in the light-limited mesopelagic, below the permanent thermocline, and move into deeper waters as they mature. Based on the results of the present study, we hypothesize that systematic differences in the phototactic responses of deep-sea fishes are a function of life history as well as spectral sensitivity. KEY WORDS: Deep sea · Red light · Fish behaviorResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher OPEN PEN ACCESS CCESS

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral responses of two deep-sea fish species to red, far-red, and white light

Raymond¹,

Widder²

2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…4). Video was provided by researchers responsible for a fixed underwater observatory off the Georgia coast [15] and from the Eye-In-the-Sea project [16]. A high rate of detection and both a low rate of false detection and of misses are evident in all videos processed so far.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting, Tracking and Classifying Animals in Underwater Video

et al. 2006

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-For oceanographic research, remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs) and underwater observatories routinely record several hours of video material every day. Manual processing of such large amounts of video has become a major bottleneck for scientific research based on this data. We have developed an automated system that detects, tracks, and classifies objects that are of potential interest for human video annotators. By pre-selecting salient targets for track initiation using a selective attention algorithm, we reduce the complexity of multi-target tracking. Then, if an object is tracked for several frames, a visual event is created and passed to a Bayesian classifier utilizing a Gaussian mixture model to determine the object class of the detected event.

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“…The food blocks could also be deployed autonomously by landers or benthic cameras that have traditionally used animal, plant, and algal material as food sources. Care should, of course, be taken to minimize any influence on the behavior of the target organisms by the use of appropriate artificial lighting (Raymond and Widder 2007;Widder, 2005), and to consider the potential impact of artificial structures on organism aggregation (Keenan et al 2007;Jamieson et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New method for presenting nutritionally defined food sources to marine organisms

Andrews

Simpson

Pile

2008

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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To study nutritional ecology in aquatic and marine ecosystems, it is important to be able to perform feeding trials enabling feeding and nutrient selection behavior of organisms to be observed in situ. Current studies in marine nutritional ecology are limited to laboratory and shallow water studies using food sources of undefined nutrient concentration. Here we describe a technique for delivering standardized nutrient sources in situ to both pelagic and benthic organisms as a feeding choice array, in a way that allows the amounts eaten of different foods and nutrients to be quantified and correlated with precise descriptions of the feeding behavior of individual organisms. A pilot study proved that this feeding choice array can be successfully deployed in marine environments. It will also be possible to use this technique to explore patterns of nutrient limitation and to investigate the nutritional regulatory response of marine and aquatic organisms.

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Using red light for in situ observations of deep-sea fishes

Cited by 125 publications

References 15 publications

Behavioral responses of two deep-sea fish species to red, far-red, and white light

Behavioral responses of two deep-sea fish species to red, far-red, and white light

Detecting, Tracking and Classifying Animals in Underwater Video

New method for presenting nutritionally defined food sources to marine organisms

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