Using random shape theory to model blockage in random cellular networks

Bai, Tianyang; Vaze, Rahul; Heath, Robert W.

doi:10.1109/spcom.2012.6290250

Cited by 80 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Urban channel measurements supporting our e −γr /r 2 path loss model appear in [1], [3], while a power law regime change from a = 2 to a = 4 is reported in the measurements in [4]. Shadowing due to randomly placed buildings is shown in [5] to also give rise to a e −γr /r 2 path loss function.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

On the capacity of picocellular networks

Ramasamy

Ganti

Madhow

2013

2013 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

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Abstract-The orders of magnitude increase in projected demand for wireless cellular data require drastic increases in spatial reuse, with picocells with diameters of the order of 100-200 m supplementing existing macrocells whose diameters are of the order of kilometers. In this paper, we observe that the nature of interference changes fundamentally as we shrink cell size, with near line of sight interference from neighboring picocells seeing significantly smaller path loss exponents than interference in macrocellular environments. Using a propagation model proposed by Franceschetti, which compactly models increased interference in small cells, we show that the network capacity does not scale linearly with the reduction in cell size with standard frequency reuse strategies. Rather, more sophisticated resource sharing strategies based on beamforming and base station cooperation are required to realize the potential of small cells in providing high spectral efficiencies and quasi-deterministic guarantees on availability. Numerical results justifying these conclusions include Chernoff bounds on outage probability for random base station deployment (according to a spatial Poisson process), and simulations for deployment in a regular grid.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

On the capacity of picocellular networks

Ramasamy

Ganti

Madhow

2013

2013 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

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“…When the BS density is λ and that of blockages is λ B , the distribution of distance to the closest visible base station, r d , is derived in [10] and is given by,…”

Section: A Distribution Of Shortest Direct Pathmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coverage of mmwave systems with blockages is analyzed in [9] using statistical models and in [10] [11] using tools from stochastic geometry. However, in these works, reflectors are not considered and only blockages are taken into account.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…10), δ = 0.2 D U (1, 10), δ = 0.2 R U (5, 50), δ = 0.5 D U (1, 10), δ = 0.5 R U (10, 50), δ = 0.2 R U (10, 50), δ = 0.5 R Mean of shortest direct path and reflected path lengths Vs BS density for λ B = 10 −3 , λ R = 10 −3 , i.e., λ o = 2 × 10 −3 with different δ and different dimensions for objects. The dimension of objects are distributed uniformly, l ∼ U (L 1 , L 2 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Coverage Analysis in Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks with Reflections

Narayanan

Sreejith

Ganti

2017

GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference

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The coverage probability of a user in a mmwave system depends on the availability of line-of-sight paths or reflected paths from any base station. Many prior works modelled blockages using random shape theory and analyzed the SIR distribution with and without interference. While, it is intuitive that the reflected paths do not significantly contribute to the coverage (because of longer path lengths), there are no works which provide a model and study the coverage with reflections. In this paper, we model and analyze the impact of reflectors using stochastic geometry. We observe that the reflectors have very little impact on the coverage probability. I. INTRODUCTIONCurrent cellular systems predominantly operate in the 1-6 GHz range of spectrum. In these frequencies, radio signals can propagate around an object, and it supports radio communication when a mobile device is blocked or shadowed by an obstruction. The next generation of wireless standards are looking at higher operating frequencies, mainly due to spectrum availability. Millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum is the range of frequencies from 28-90 GHz, and is being envisioned to augment the existing frequencies in the 5G standard [1]. Measurements have reaffirmed the feasibility of mmWave in the urban environment [2] and measurements for indoor communication at mmWave frequencies show that it holds promise with indoor stations [3]. Diffraction is a powerful propagation mechanism in today's 3G and 4G cellular systems but becomes very lossy at mmWave frequencies due to the small wavelengths of these bands. However, scattering and reflection become dominant at mmWave frequencies [1]. Also, mmWave communication has been shown to be more sensitive to propagation loss than current modes of communication [4].As has been shown in earlier works [5], [6], first order reflections, i.e., paths from one point to another using one reflector, and second order reflections, i.e., paths from one point to another using two reflector, are important features at millimeter wave frequencies, especially by metallic objects. A later work [7] finds that well-known lossy objects such as human body and concrete are good reflectors at mmWave frequencies, enabling the receiver to capture secondary reflections for non-line-of-sight communication. Many other common objects have been shown in these works as having high reflection coefficients, which makes them a useful component of signal processing. Measurements for mmWave have revealed that

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“…This model does not include the effects of signal blockage and penetration losses that can be accounted for by considering the random shape model in [18]. Note that for mmWave transmissions, the log-distance dependent component γ 0, is expected to be comparable to its microwave counterpart, due to the larger array gains that help offset the larger losses at mmWave frequencies [5].…”

Section: Millimeter Wave System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coverage and capacity in mmWave cellular systems

Akoum

Ayach

Heath

2012

2012 Conference Record of the Forty Sixth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers (ASILOMAR)

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Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication has recently been proposed for use in commercial cellular systems as a solution to the microwave spectrum gridlock. MmWave spectrum is (potentially) available around the globe and recent hardware advances make mass market deployments feasible. In this paper, we study the coverage and capacity of mmWave cellular systems with a special focus on their key differentiating factors such as the limited scattering nature of mmWave channels, and the use of RF beamforming strategies such as beam steering to provide highly directional transmission with limited hardware complexity. We show that, in general, coverage in mmWave systems can rival or even exceed coverage in microwave systems assuming that the link budgets promised by existing mmWave system designs are in fact achieved. This comparable coverage translates into a superior average rate performance for mmWave systems as a result of the larger bandwidth available for transmission.

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Using random shape theory to model blockage in random cellular networks

Cited by 80 publications

References 13 publications

On the capacity of picocellular networks

On the capacity of picocellular networks

Coverage Analysis in Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks with Reflections

Coverage and capacity in mmWave cellular systems

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