Using Positive Deviance for Determining Successful Weight-Control Practices

Stuckey, Heather L.; Boan, Jarol; Kraschnewski, Jennifer L.; Miller-Day, Michelle; Lehman, Erik; Sciamanna, Christopher N.

doi:10.1177/1049732310386623

Cited by 56 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…The public health field has some experience with PD methods (34–38). These examples of the PD approach to public health are in line with the general direction of lead user methods.…”

Section: Next Steps For Public Health Research and Practice Using An mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Next Generation Assets-Based Public Health Intervention Development Model: The Public as Innovators

Hippel

2018

Front. Public Health

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In the public health field, the design of interventions has long been considered to be the province of public health experts. In this paper, I explore an important complement to the traditional model: the design, prototyping, and implementation of innovative public health interventions by the public (users) themselves. These user interventions can then be incorporated by public health experts, who in turn design, support, and implement improvements and diffusion strategies as appropriate for the broader community. The context and support for this proposed new public health intervention development model builds upon user innovation theory, which has only recently begun to be applied to research and practice in medicine and provides a completely novel approach in the field of public health. User innovation is an assets-based model in which end users of a product, process, or service are the locus of innovation and often more likely than producers to develop the first prototypes of new approaches to problems facing them. This occurs because users often possess essential context-specific information about their needs paired with the motivation that comes from directly benefiting from any solutions they create. Product producers in a wide range of fields have, in turn, learned to profit from the strengths of these user innovators by supporting their grass-roots, leading-edge designs and field experiments in various ways. I explore the promise of integrating user-designed and prototyped health interventions into a new assets-based public health intervention development model. In this exploration, a wide range of lead user methods and positive deviance studies provide examples for identification of user innovation in populations, community platforms, and healthcare programs. I also propose action-oriented and assets-based next steps for user-centered public health research and practice to implement this new model. This approach will enable us to call upon the strengths of the communities we serve as we develop new methods and approaches to more efficiently and effectively intervene on the varied complex health problems they face.

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“…The public health field has some experience with PD methods (34–38). These examples of the PD approach to public health are in line with the general direction of lead user methods.…”

Section: Next Steps For Public Health Research and Practice Using An mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Next Generation Assets-Based Public Health Intervention Development Model: The Public as Innovators

Hippel

2018

Front. Public Health

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“…These trials have included resource-intensive behavioural interventions consisting of calorie restriction, physical activity, or both. Since these approaches have had only modest success in achieving recommended GWG, we propose identifying novel behaviours and attitudes of women who have either successfully achieved recommended GWG on their own or have exceeded recommended GWG [15,16]. Although the basic principles of healthy nutrition and physical activity apply to both pregnant and non-pregnant persons, pregnancy is influenced by morning sickness, worsening of gastrointestinal reflux symptoms, food cravings and aversions, and the common adage of “eating-for-two.” Federal guidelines recommend at least 150 min of moderate-intensity aerobic activity a week in the absence of absolute contraindications for pregnant and non-pregnant adults alike [17], however, actual prenatal physical activity habits can be influenced by widespread beliefs that exercise during pregnancy can be dangerous, as well as by physical limitations to exercise as women advance through pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviours of overweight and obese women during pregnancy who achieve and exceed recommended gestational weight gain

Chuang

Stengel

Hwang

et al. 2014

Obesity Research & Clinical Practice

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Summary Background Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with increased risk of pregnancy-related complications, postpartum weight retention, and long-term obesity. Little is known about the behavioural habits of pregnant women who achieve and exceed recommended GWG. Method In 2011, qualitative interviews were conducted in Pennsylvania with post-partum women who were overweight or obese prior to pregnancy to ascertain their behaviours and attitudes regarding dietary habits, physical activity, and self-monitoring during pregnancy. Thematic analysis identified the habits of women who achieved and exceeded recommended GWG guidelines. Results Of the 29 women interviewed, 11 had appropriate GWG and 18 had excessive GWG. Women achieving appropriate GWG reported modest increases in caloric intake if at all, with deliberate meal and snack planning, while women with excessive GWG described “eating-for-two.” Nearly all women with excessive GWG reported exercising less during pregnancy (or remaining sedentary), while women with appropriate GWG largely increased or maintained pre-pregnancy physical activity levels. About half of the sample reported self-monitoring weight gain during pregnancy, but women achieving recommended GWG tied their weight monitoring with GWG goals consistent with recommended guidelines. Conclusions Women who achieved appropriate GWG reported deliberate dietary habits and physical activity planning, with appropriate GWG goals during pregnancy. Women exceeding recommended GWG described “eating-for-two,” were sedentary, and either had no goals for GWG or intended to gain more weight than recommended.

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“…A recent review reported that 38% of interventions designed to promote healthy eating and physical activity incorporated progress monitoring (Michie, Whittington, The second dimension concerned whether interventions asked participants to monitor their progress in public or in private. Protocols that require participants to monitor their progress in public (e.g., weigh themselves during a weight loss class, Samuel-Hodge et al, 2009) or to submit reports on their goal progress (e.g., step counts, De Cocker, De Bourdeaudhuij, & Cardon, 2008; diaries of peak flow or symptoms related to asthma, Buist, Vollmer, Wilson, Frazier, & Hayward, 2006) may engender a greater sense of public commitment to the goal (Cialdini, 2001;Kiesler, 1971), accountability (e.g., Stuckey et al, 2011), presentational concerns (Schlenker, Dlugolecki, & Doherty, 1994) or experimenter demand (Zizzo, 2010), each of which could serve to promote goal attainment.…”

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confidence: 99%

Does monitoring goal progress promote goal attainment? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence.

Harkin

Webb

Chang

et al. 2016

Psychological Bulletin

394

229

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Progress monitoring and goal attainment 2 AbstractControl Theory and other frameworks for understanding self-regulation suggest that monitoring goal progress is a crucial process that intervenes between setting and attaining a goal, and helps to ensure that goals are translated into action. However, the impact of progress monitoring interventions on rates of behavioral performance and goal attainment has yet to be quantified. A systematic literature search identified 138 studies (N = 19,951) that randomly allocated participants to an intervention designed to promote monitoring of goal progress versus a control condition. All studies reported the effects of the treatment on Moderation tests revealed that progress monitoring had larger effects on goal attainment when the outcomes were reported or made public, and when the information was physically recorded. Taken together, the findings suggest that monitoring goal progress is an effective self-regulation strategy, and that interventions that increase the frequency of progress monitoring are likely to promote behavior change. The present review investigates the impact of monitoring goal progress on rates of goal attainment. Goals are mental representations of desired outcomes (Austin & Vancouver, 1996) -such as to run a marathon or to be happy -and goal intentions are selfinstructions to act towards those outcomes (Sheeran & Webb, 2011;Triandis, 1980). Goal intentions capture both the nature of the set goal (e.g., the number of exercise sessions that one intends to engage in this week) and how committed one is to attaining it (e.g., the strength of one's intention to exercise five times this week). Intentions are the starting point for the willful control of action (Gollwitzer & Moskowitz, 1996). However, evidence indicates that intentions have only a modest impact on performance. A meta-analysis of 47 experimental studies found that a medium-to-large-sized change in intentions had a smallto-medium-sized effect on subsequent behavior (Webb & Sheeran, 2006). Evidence indicates that people who intend to exercise do not necessarily do so (Rhodes & de Bruijn, 2013), that most people want to be happier than they are (Oishi, Diener, & Lucas, 2007), and that it has become almost as traditional to fail to achieve New Year's resolutions as it is to form them in the first place (Marlatt & Kaplan, 1972;Norcross & Vangarelli, 1988). In short, forming a goal intention is not, on its own, sufficient to ensure goal attainment (for reviews, see Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006;Sheeran, Milne, Webb, & Gollwitzer, 2005;Sheeran & Webb, 2011;Webb, 2006). This 'gap' between intention and action (Sheeran, 2002) has led researchers to investigate which factors determine intention-behavior consistency. For instance, properties of intentions such as temporal stability (Cooke & Sheeran, 2004; Sheeran & Abraham, Progress monitoring and goal attainment 4 2003), the extent of actual control over performance (Sheeran, Trafimow, & Armitage, 2003), and the operation of habits (Neal, Wood, Wu...

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Using Positive Deviance for Determining Successful Weight-Control Practices

Cited by 56 publications

References 51 publications

A Next Generation Assets-Based Public Health Intervention Development Model: The Public as Innovators

A Next Generation Assets-Based Public Health Intervention Development Model: The Public as Innovators

Behaviours of overweight and obese women during pregnancy who achieve and exceed recommended gestational weight gain

Does monitoring goal progress promote goal attainment? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence.

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