Using Plant Physiology to Improve the Water Use Efficiency of Horticultural Crops

Loveys, B. R.; Dry, Peter R.; Stoll, Manfred; McCarthy, Michael

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2000.537.19

Cited by 163 publications

(112 citation statements)

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“…4). These results support the hypothesis postulated by Loveys et al (2000) that PRD decreases stomatal conductance, presumably as a result of the production of chemical signals in dehydrating roots. Stoll et al (2000) observed an increase of ABA concentration in xylem sap originated by roots in contact with dry soil and also an increase of xylem sap pH, which are known to promote stomatal closure under water stress conditions (Davies et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The increased RSL of photosynthesis in NI and PRD vines confirms the results of A and g s measured under controlled conditions. One of the main effects of cultivating grapevines under PRD was reported to be an improvement of water use efficiency (Dry et al 1996;Loveys et al 2000). In the present study we measured the carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C) of leaves and grape berries to evaluate the long-term water use efficiency in the different treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Partial rootzone drying: regulation of stomatal aperture and carbon assimilation in field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Moscatel)

Souza¹,

Marôco²,

Santos³

et al. 2003

Functional Plant Biol.

158

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Abstract. The effects of 'partial rootzone drying' (PRD) irrigation compared with other irrigation systems, namely non-irrigated (NI), full irrigation (FI) and deficit irrigation (DI), on stomatal conductance and carbon assimilation were evaluated in field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Moscatel). At the end of the growing season, pre-dawn leaf water potential was highest in FI (-0.18 ± 0.01 MPa; mean ± s.e.), intermediate in PRD (-0.30 ± 0.01 MPa) and DI (-0.36 ± 0.02 MPa), and lowest in NI vines (-0.64 ± 0.03 MPa). Stomatal conductance measured under controlled conditions of light and temperature was reduced in NI (ca 60%) and PRD (ca 30%) vines compared with DI and FI vines. Under ambient conditions, NI vines had lower rates of stomatal conductance (ca 26%), net CO 2 assimilation (ca 28%) and light-adapted PSII quantum yields (ca 47%) than PRD, DI and FI vines. No significant differences were found among the three irrigated treatments. Both maximum electron transport rate (J max ; ca 30%) and triose-phosphate utilization rates (TPU; ca 20%) were significantly lower in NI and PRD vines than in DI and FI vines. Carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C) of grape berries was highest in NI vines (-24.3‰), followed by PRD (-25.4‰) and DI (-25.8‰) and lowest in FI (-26.4‰) vines, suggesting a long-term increase in the efficiency of leaf gas exchange in NI compared with PRD, DI and FI vines. Sap-flow data and estimates of relative stomatal limitation are in accordance with the observed stomatal closure in PRD vines. In this study, we show that PRD irrigation was able to maintain a vine water status closed to FI, but with double water use efficiency, which was due to a reduction of stomatal conductance with no significant decrease in carbon assimilation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Partial rootzone drying: regulation of stomatal aperture and carbon assimilation in field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Moscatel)

Souza¹,

Marôco²,

Santos³

et al. 2003

Functional Plant Biol.

158

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“…Several studies have reported the effects of PRD on stomatal conductance, ABA in leaves and xylem, shoot and root growth rate (Loveys, 1984;Loveys et al, 2000;Stoll et al, 2000;Dry et al, 2000aDry et al, , 2000bLiu et al, 2001;dos Santos et al, 2003). Detailed physiological responses of grapevine to PRD and other deficit irrigation under natural field conditions have not received much attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of stomatal aperture and carbon uptake by deficit irrigation in two grapevine cultivars

Souza

Marôco

Santos³

et al. 2005

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

138

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Improvements in water use efficiency of crops are essential under the scenarios of water scarcity predicted by global change models for the Mediterranean region. In recent years, deficit irrigation, including partial root drying (PRD), has been proposed as an irrigation technique to improve water use efficiency and standardize grapevine yield and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of deficit irrigation on photosynthetic responses of field grown grapevines of cv. Moscatel and Castelão. The treatments were: full irrigation (FI), corresponding to 100% ET c ; non-irrigated, but rain fed (NI) and partial root zone drying (PRD) and deficit irrigation (DI), both corresponding to an irrigation of 50% ET c . While in the DI treatment water was applied to both sides of the root system, in the PRD treatment, water was supplied to only one side of the root system, alternating sides periodically. In both cultivars, PRD and DI vines showed intermediate pre-dawn leaf water potential (c pd ) values (around À0.4 MPa) while FI vines, showed c pd around À0.2 MPa during the growing season. NI showed the lowest c pd , reaching À0.6 MPa in Moscatel and À0.8 MPa in Castelão, at the end of growing season. Water status of PRD vines remained closer to FI than DI, especially at midday. Photosynthetic rates and fluorescence parameters of the deficit irrigation treatments (PRD and DI) did not show significant differences from FI vines, for most of the season. In Moscatel, although PRD generally showed g s , relative stomatal limitation (RSL) and intrinsic water use efficiency (A/g s ) values closer to NI than DI, most of the differences between PRD and DI were not statistically significant. Our results showed a stability of the photosynthetic machinery in grapevines under low-to-moderate water availabilities, as demonstrated by the maintenance of the activity of three Calvin Cycle enzymes and of the V cmax values. However, a decline in J max was observed in NI vines, that can be a result either of a decrease in ATP production or, alternatively, of decreased mesophyll conductance to CO 2 diffusion. In general terms, stomatal limitation of photosynthesis is likely to be dominant in non-irrigated plants. Deficit irrigation had no negative impact on CO 2 assimilation, despite less water application than in full-irrigation. Differences among varieties may be related to differences in sensitivity of stomata, shoot growth and/or the interaction between rootstock and cultivar to soil water availability. #

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“…PRD is an irrigation technique where by half of the root zone is irrigated while the other half is allowed to dry out (Posadas et al, 2008). The PRD is quite simple, requiring only the adaptation of irrigation systems to allow alternate wetting and drying of parts of the root zone (Loveys et al, 2000). Numerous studies have shown a clear improvement in the water productivity by deficit irrigation (Intrigliolo and Castel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Root-Zone Drying Irrigation Technique under Different Nitrogen Rates on Water Use Efficiency for Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) in Semi-arid Conditions (I)

Rezig¹,

Nouna²,

Kanzari³

et al. 2018

IJAERS

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Using Plant Physiology to Improve the Water Use Efficiency of Horticultural Crops

Cited by 163 publications

References 0 publications

Partial rootzone drying: regulation of stomatal aperture and carbon assimilation in field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Moscatel)

Partial rootzone drying: regulation of stomatal aperture and carbon assimilation in field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Moscatel)

Control of stomatal aperture and carbon uptake by deficit irrigation in two grapevine cultivars

Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Root-Zone Drying Irrigation Technique under Different Nitrogen Rates on Water Use Efficiency for Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) in Semi-arid Conditions (I)

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