“…Students' confusion about how plants acquire carbon has been previously documented (Anderson et al 1990, Boyes and Stanisstreet 1991, Hartley et al 2011, and instructors can use a variety of published assessment questions and lessons throughout the curriculum to help students explore this concept (Ebert-May et al 2003, Wilson et al 2006, Simmons 2009, Parker et al 2012, Darby and Goodwin 2014, Weston et al 2015. For example, instructors could adapt a lesson about the roles of carbon dioxide, sunlight, and nutrients in economically relevant local organisms (Smith et al 2018), assess student thinking through the clicker and exam questions included in the published lesson, and ask additional assessment questions about the gain in biomass as a seed grows into a tree (Parker et al 2012, Weston et al 2015. As instructors in different courses within a department use various questions and resources, students can take EcoEvo-MAPS at multiple time points to assess whether these instructional changes affect student thinking over the duration of their major.…”