“…Learning which can improve problem solving skills includes: 1) Modeling Instruction (Hestenes, 1987;Wells, Hestenes, & Swackhamer, 1995;Halloun, 2007;Malone, 2007;Jackson, Dukerich, & Hestenes, 2008;Brewe, 2008;Wright, 2012) and 2Problem-Based Learning (Skinner, Braunack-Mayer, & Winning, 2015;Ageorges, Bacilia, Poutot, & Blandin, 2014;Temel, 2014;Klegeris, 2013;and Arends, 2012). The former refers to a learning which accommodates physical modeling; which, according to Etkina, Warren, & Gentile (2006), can be used to describe and explain physics phenomena, while the latter is a learning which makes use of authentic and meaningful problems discovered by students as a starting point to acquire new knowledge (Stalker, Cullen, & Kloesel, 2014;Batdi, 2014;Temel, 2014). Therefore, both Modeling Instruction and Problem-Based Learning are often adapted in physics learning to improve students' physics problem solving skills.…”