“…In particular, molluscan death assemblages can provide location- specific, long-term ecological information on the response of marine benthic communities to anthropogenic stressors, which would otherwise be inaccessible to decision makers (Nerlović et al 2011; Leshno et al 2015; Dietl et al 2016; Leshno et al 2016; Smith et al 2020; Pruden et al 2021). Moreover, studies with data from Europe (Dietl et al 2016) and the United States (Pruden et al 2021) have demonstrated that mollusks are reliable proxies for the whole benthic macroinvertebrate communities under the AMBI and M-AMBI framework. Before the implementation of this approach with molluscan death assemblages, however, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of common death assemblages biases (e.g., preservation bias, time averaging) on the parameters used to define reference conditions (i.e., richness, diversity, AMBI), and their combined effects on M-AMBI (Dietl et al 2016; Smith et al 2020; Pruden et al 2021).…”