Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Petrographic Techniques to Understand the Textural Attributes and Porosity Distribution in Macaronichnus-Burrowed Sandstone

Gingras, Murray K.; MacMillan, Bryce; Balcom, Bruce J.; Saunders, Tom; Pemberton, S. George

doi:10.1306/122901720552

Cited by 95 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This mixing can lead to significant redistribution of porosity, which can result in the degradation of reservoir quality (Needham et al 2005), enhanced vertical permeability and differential diagenesis, for example, preferential cementation of burrows (Walter & Burton 1990). Some animals can select the minerals they ingest; for example Macaronichnus preferentially ingests quartz, leading to quartz-rich back-filled burrows and the potential for locally enhanced permeability paths (Gingras et al 2002). Microfauna, such as diatoms, as well as burrowing macrofauna, live in sediment (Vos et al 1988), creating biofilms that result in a bulk sediment that is more coherent than expected (Schindler et al 2015).…”

Section: Eodiagenesis (Early/shallow Burial Diagenesis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum reservoir quality prediction: overview and contrasting approaches from sandstone and carbonate communities

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The porosity and permeability of sandstone and carbonate reservoirs (known as reservoir quality) are essential inputs for successful oil and gas resource exploration and exploitation. This chapter introduces basic concepts, analytical and modelling techniques and some of the key controversies to be discussed in 20 research papers that were initially presented at a Geological Society conference in 2014 titled 'Reservoir Quality of Clastic and Carbonate Rocks: Analysis, Modelling and Prediction'. Reservoir quality in both sandstones and carbonates is studied using a wide range of techniques: log analysis and petrophysical core analysis, core description, routine petrographic tools and, ideally, less routine techniques such as stable isotope analysis, fluid inclusion analysis and other geochemical approaches. Sandstone and carbonate reservoirs both benefit from the study of modern analogues to constrain the primary character of sediment before they become a hydrocarbon reservoir. Prediction of sandstone and carbonate reservoir properties also benefits from running constrained experiments to simulate diagenetic processes during burial, compaction and heating. There are many common controls on sandstone and carbonate reservoir quality, including environment of deposition, rate of deposition and rate and magnitude of sea-level change, and many eogenetic processes. Compactional and mesogenetic processes tend to affect sandstone and carbonate somewhat differently but are both influenced by rate of burial, and the thermal and pressure history of a basin. Key differences in sandstone and carbonate reservoir quality include the specific influence of stratigraphic age on seawater composition (calcite v. aragonite oceans), the greater role of compaction in sandstones and the greater reactivity and geochemical openness of carbonate systems. Some of the key controversies in sandstone and carbonate reservoir quality focus on the role of petroleum emplacement on diagenesis and porosity loss, the role of effective stress in chemical compaction (pressure solution) and the degree of geochemical openness of reservoirs during diagenesis and cementation. This collection of papers contains case study-based examples of sandstone and carbonate reservoir quality prediction as well as modern analogue, outcrop analogue, modelling and advanced analytical approaches.Gold Open Access: This article is published under the terms of the CC-BY 3.0 license.Porosity and permeability (reservoir quality) exert fundamental controls on the economic viability of a petroleum accumulation (Blackbourn 2012).They need to be quantified from basin access and exploration, via appraisal and field development through secondary and tertiary recovery in order to

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Section: Eodiagenesis (Early/shallow Burial Diagenesis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum reservoir quality prediction: overview and contrasting approaches from sandstone and carbonate communities

et al. 2018

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“…This is one of the reasons why the oil and gas industry has moved to the use of CT and microCT analysis of cored geological materials (for rapid acquisition of important porosity, permeability, density, and structural information), although it is taking some time for these results to get into the non-proprietary sphere (Gingras and Smith, 2015). Serial grinding and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) have been used more frequently in paleontology and ichnology, although both are more time consuming than CT methods (Gingras and Smith, 2015;Gingras et al, 2002;Leaman and McIlroy, 2016).…”

Section: Estimating Bioturbation Intensity: 3d Vs 2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the stony veil: Reconstructing the Earth’s earliest large animal traces via computed tomography X-ray imaging

Meyer

Polys

Yaqoob

et al. 2017

Precambrian Research

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a b s t r a c tTrace fossils are superb lines of evidence for examining the ancient biologic world because they offer an opportunity to infer behavioral ecology of organisms. However, traces can be difficult to parse from their matrix, which leads to the loss of important morphological and behavioral data. This is especially true for the earliest marine animal traces from the Ediacaran Period (635-541 Ma), which are usually small (<5 mm in diameter) and simple (mostly small horizontal trails and burrows), and are sometimes difficult to be distinguished from co-existing tubular body fossils. There is also evidence that the prevalence of microbial substrates in Ediacaran oceans may have influenced emerging trace makers in nonactualistic ways from a late Phanerozoic perspective (e.g., microbial mats may have facilitated a strong geochemical gradient across the sediment-water interface). Therefore, the discovery of the relatively large traces of Lamonte trevallis from the Ediacaran Shibantan Member of the Denying Formation ($551-541 Ma) in the Yangtze Gorges area of South China provides a unique opportunity to study early bioturbators. These trace fossils are large enough and have sufficient compositional contrast (relative to the matrix) for in situ analysis via X-ray computed tomography (CT) and microcomputed tomography (microCT). Each analytical method has its own advantages and disadvantages. CT scans can image larger specimens, but cannot adequately resolve small features of interest. MicroCT scans can achieve higher resolution, but can only be used with small samples and may involve more post-processing than CT scans. As demonstrated in this study, X-ray CT and microCT in combination with other 3D imaging techniques and resources have the potential to resolve the 3D morphology of Ediacaran trace fossils. A new Volumetric Bioturbation Intensity (VBI) is also proposed, which quantifies whole rock bioturbation using 3D analysis of subsurface traces. Combined with the ability to examine trace fossils in situ, the VBI can enhance our view of ancient ecologies and life's enduring relationship with sediments.

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“…By measuring the variation of NMR parameters ͑porosity, relaxation, diffusion, etc.͒ over different physical locations within the sample, MRI can provide a description of spatial heterogeneity. [76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86] Additionally, the spatial correlation of these parameters may provide a new means of assessing structure and heterogeneity.…”

Section: Mri Of Rocks: Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance in porous media: Recent progress

Song

Cho²,

Hopper³

et al. 2008

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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The anomalous adsorbate dynamics at surfaces in porous media studied by nuclear magnetic resonance methods. The orientational structure factor and Lévy walks J. Chem. Phys. 109, 6929 (1998) Recent years have seen significant progress in the NMR study of porous media from natural and industrial sources and of cultural significance such as paintings. This paper provides a brief outline of the recent technical development of NMR in this area. These advances are relevant for broad NMR applications in material characterization.

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Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Petrographic Techniques to Understand the Textural Attributes and Porosity Distribution in Macaronichnus-Burrowed Sandstone

Cited by 95 publications

References 10 publications

Petroleum reservoir quality prediction: overview and contrasting approaches from sandstone and carbonate communities

Petroleum reservoir quality prediction: overview and contrasting approaches from sandstone and carbonate communities

Beyond the stony veil: Reconstructing the Earth’s earliest large animal traces via computed tomography X-ray imaging

Magnetic resonance in porous media: Recent progress

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