Using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to quantify monohydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine

Quasi-targeted analysis of hydroxylation-related metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human urine by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

“…After entering human body, naphthalene could be oxidized to OHN with catalysis of cytochrome P450 enzyme system, or oxidized to naphthalene epoxide through the catalysis of mixed function oxidase. Naphthalene epoxide can be transformed to 1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol, and then to 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene by catalytic oxidation effect of epoxide hydrolase [44], or converted to OHN by spontaneous rearrangement [23]. Naphthalene dihydrodiol epoxide can be transformed to 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene via spontaneous rearrangement.…”

Chemical Methods for Determination of Hydroxylated Metabolites of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Biological Material

“…Profesionalno su izloženi radnici koji rade s asfaltom, koksom, u proizvodnji aluminija, željeza i čelika te posljedično, unos putem kože kod njih može postati glavni put unosa. PAH-ovi se preko krvi distribuiraju u tkivima, posebno onim s visokim sadržajem lipida zbog svog nepolarnog karaktera, a metaboliziranjem im se povećava polarnost i time olakšava izlučivanje iz organizma (3)(4)(5).…”

“…Primjenjuje se kromatografi ja obrnutih faza (pokretna faza polarnija od nepokretne) na kolonama s vezanim C 18 -skupinama (kondicionirane metanolom i zatim vodom). Nakon nanošenja uzorka kolona se ispire vodom i/ili smjesom vode i metanola, a nakon toga metaboliti PAH-ova se eluiraju s kolone s pomoću metanola (5,25,30,31).…”

“…Primjenjuje se kromatografi ja obrnutih faza (pokretna faza polarnija od nepokretne) na kolonama s vezanim C 18 -skupinama (kondicionirane metanolom i zatim vodom). Nakon nanošenja uzorka kolona se ispire vodom i/ili smjesom vode i metanola, a nakon toga metaboliti PAH-ova se eluiraju s kolone s pomoću metanola (5,25,30,31).Chetiyanukornkul i suradnici (24) prikazali su malo izmijenjenu metodu gdje su nakon ispiranja i sušenja kolonu s vezanom C 18 skupinom spojili na kolonu Sep-Pak Silica Plus koja je bila kondicionirana i isprana n-heksanom, a metaboliti su desorbirani smjesom ψ (n-heksan/etil acetat)=9:1, kroz dvije kolone.U radu Lee i suradnika (22) prije HPLC-analize uzroci su direktno naneseni na kolone koje su isprane vodom, a analit je desorbiran s 40 %-tnim acetonitrilom u vodi.Romanoff i suradnici (27) razvili su automatiziranu metodu SPE za određivanje OH-PAH-ova na instrumentu RapidTrace® SPE. Kolone su kondicionirane metanolom i vodom.…”

A Wireless Magnetoelastic Sensor for Urinary 2-Naphthol Detection Based on the Precipitation of 2-Naphthol with Diazonium Salts

“…8,9 Over the past 10 years several analytical methods for the determination of either 1-NAP or 2-NAP or even both have been reported mainly based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 10 or gas/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/LC-MS). [11][12][13] Although these methods are sensitive, selective and efficient for the separation of isomeric metabolites, most of them require time-consuming procedures by liquid-liquid or solid-phase extraction and derivatization steps, as well as expensive instruments. Synchronous fluorescence spectrometry (SFS) has been known as a powerful tool for the simultaneous determination of multicomponent samples without any pretreatment of samples.…”