“…In addition to considering the timing of critical life history events (e.g., development, rearing young), many more ecological or phenotypical attributes of organisms (e.g., size, feeding habits, life cycle duration) can influence the vulnerability of organisms to chemicals (van den Brink et al, 2011). Trait‐based approaches aim to understand such attributes and have proved useful by enhancing causal diagnosis and prediction (Rueda‐Cediel et al, 2023). These trait‐based approaches can be particularly useful at multiple levels of biological organization and can be used to describe three key aspects determining organismal vulnerability to chemical compounds: (1) exposure, (2) intrinsic sensitivity, and (3) recovery potential.…”