Using layers of protection analysis to evaluate fire and gas systems

Baybutt, Paul

doi:10.1002/prs.10504

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These include the complicated evaluation process of partial derivative functions, as well as the requirement for the prior calculation of one or more sets of uncertainty parameters. 9 Although these methods have been used by many scholars and their effectiveness has been verified, they do not consider the characteristics of the barriers in evaluating the systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance evaluation of safety barriers based on multidimensional deconstruction

Kang

Wang

Hao

et al. 2022

Process Safety Progress

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Due to the technological development of the petrochemical industry, the number of risk factors is increasing. Therefore, the prevention of fire accidents in the petrochemical industry is crucial. Safety barriers are used in many working environments to protect workers and mitigate or prevent accidents and directly serve the safety function. This paper presents a semi‐quantitative evaluation model for safety barriers using multidimensional deconstruction. We use different methods to evaluate the characteristics of safety barriers for classification and determine the control level of each barrier. We normalize the performance evaluation results of the barriers to determine the level acceptable to experts. A gas station is selected as a case study for the safety barrier performance evaluation. The results validate the effectiveness of the proposed model and provide an analytical approach for other industries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the LOPA method offers a high academic application value, it often comes with accompanying problems. These include the complicated evaluation process of partial derivative functions, as well as the requirement for the prior calculation of one or more sets of uncertainty parameters 9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of safety barriers based on multidimensional deconstruction

Kang

Wang

Hao

et al. 2022

Process Safety Progress

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“…A detailed design analysis that might include dispersion modeling should be performed to determine the need for and placement of detector systems. The industry has also adopted new systematic methods for detectors placement as suggested in ISA TR84.00.07 (Baybutt, 2012;Marszal, 2015). There exist several sensor types (Center for Chemical Process, 2009); the current most sensitive and reliable technology uses infrared spectroscopy for either point or line-of-sight detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CFD-based approach for gas detectors allocation

Vázquez-Román

Díaz‐Ovalle

Quiroz-Pérez

et al. 2016

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

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Accidental gas releases are detected by allocating sensors in optimal places to prevent escalation of the incident. Gas release effects are typically assessed based on calculating the dispersion from releasing points. In this work, a CFD-based approach is proposed to estimate gas dispersion and then to obtain optimal gas sensors allocation. The Ansys-Fluent commercial package is used to estimate concentrations in the open air by solving the governing equations of continuity, momentum, and energy combined with the realizable κ-ε model for turbulence viscosity effects and species convection-diffusion. CFD dynamic simulations are carried out for potential gas leaks, assuming worst-case scenarios with F-stability and 2 m/s wind speed during a 4min releasing period and considering 8 wind directions. The result is a scenario-based methodology to allocate gas sensors supported on fluid dynamics models. The three x-y-z geographical coordinates for the sensor allocation are included in this analysis. To highlight the methodology, a case study considers releases from a large container surrounded by different types of geometric units including sections with high obstacles, low obstacles, and no obstacles. A non-redundant set of perfect sensors are firstly allocated to cover 100% detection for all simulations releases. The benefits of redundant detection via a MooN voting arranging scheme is also discussed. Numerical results demonstrate the capabilities of CFD simulations for this application and highlight the dispersion effects through obstacles with different sizes.

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Analytical Methods in Process Safety Management and System Safety Engineering – Layers of Protection Analysis

Baybutt¹

2013

Handbook of Loss Prevention Engineering

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Using layers of protection analysis to evaluate fire and gas systems

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Performance evaluation of safety barriers based on multidimensional deconstruction

Performance evaluation of safety barriers based on multidimensional deconstruction

A CFD-based approach for gas detectors allocation

Analytical Methods in Process Safety Management and System Safety Engineering – Layers of Protection Analysis

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