Using language workbenches and domain-specific languages for safety-critical software development

Voelter, Markus; Kolb, Bernd; Birken, Klaus; Tomassetti, Federico; Alff, Patrick; Wiart, L.; Wortmann, Andreas; Nordmann, Arne

doi:10.1007/s10270-018-0679-0

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In the user testing, we simulated how the PPT and the PPA would work by animating successive screens of the mock-up, populated with fake but realistic sets of ResUrgences data. Applying an adapted model-in-the-loop testing paradigm [ 44 , 45 ] during the early steps of the design process enabled us to obtain feedback on the GUI before developing the prototype PPT and to ensure that health care professionals understood the PPA they evaluated. The results of the user testing were used to make decisions to improve the PPT and the PPA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phase 3 tested the fit between the prioritization model implemented (the PPA) and the participants’ prioritization rules. This phase was inspired by the model-in-the-loop testing paradigm, a technique that simulates a model using an abstraction (eg, illustrations, text) to evaluate the behavior of that model [ 44 , 45 ]. This allows the model to be evaluated earlier in the design process with end users who are not experts in modeling and programming.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applying a Human-Centered Design to Develop a Patient Prioritization Tool for a Pediatric Emergency Department: Detailed Case Study of First Iterations

Schiro

Pelayo

Martinot³

et al. 2020

JMIR Hum Factors

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Background Overcrowding in the emergency departments has become an increasingly significant problem. Patient triage strategies are acknowledged to help clinicians manage patient flow and reduce patients’ waiting time. However, electronic patient triage systems are not developed so that they comply with clinicians’ workflow. Objective This case study presents the development of a patient prioritization tool (PPT) and of the related patient prioritization algorithm (PPA) for a pediatric emergency department (PED), relying on a human-centered design process. Methods We followed a human-centered design process, wherein we (1) performed a work system analysis through observations and interviews in an academic hospital’s PED; (2) deduced design specifications; (3) designed a mock PPT and the related PPA; and (4) performed user testing to assess the intuitiveness of the icons, the effectiveness in communicating patient priority, the fit between the prioritization model implemented and the participants’ prioritization rules, and the participants’ satisfaction. Results The workflow analysis identified that the PPT interface should meet the needs of physicians and nurses, represent the stages of patient care, and contain patient information such as waiting time, test status (eg, prescribed, in progress), age, and a suggestion for prioritization. The mock-up developed gives the status of patients progressing through the PED; a strip represents the patient and the patient’s characteristics, including a delay indicator that compares the patient’s waiting time to the average waiting time of patients with a comparable reason for emergency. User tests revealed issues with icon intuitiveness, information gaps, and possible refinements in the prioritization algorithm. Conclusions The results of the user tests have led to modifications to improve the usability and usefulness of the PPT and its PPA. We discuss the value of integrating human factors into the design process for a PPT for PED. The PPT/PPA has been developed and installed in Lille University Hospital's PED. Studies are carried out to evaluate the use and impact of this tool on clinicians’ situation awareness and prioritization-related cognitive load, prioritization of patients, waiting time, and patients’ experience.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying a Human-Centered Design to Develop a Patient Prioritization Tool for a Pediatric Emergency Department: Detailed Case Study of First Iterations

Schiro

Pelayo

Martinot³

et al. 2020

JMIR Hum Factors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…• The desire to support a bespoke DSML acceptable to Rolls-Royce engineers, instead of a general-purpose modelling language. The use of a DSML is expected to have substantial adoption benefits, e.g., easier validation [5];…”

Section: Components Of Camcoa Studiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of these issues refers to the reception of new tools and methodologies (that we discussed in Section VIII), which were easier to adapt to by junior workers than by those with decades of experience doing work in a concrete manner. In [5], experiences of building and applying a DSML-based workbench for safety critical systems engineering is described. Of particular importance is the highlighting of a number of risks associated with using DSML-based workbenches in a safety domain, and mitigations for these risks.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-Based Development of Engine Control Systems: Experiences and Lessons Learnt

Cooper

Vega

Paige

et al. 2021

2021 ACM/IEEE 24th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS)

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“…Solutions based on DSLs are easier to maintain [26], validate and verify [27]. In general, whereas in GPLs AVOPT (Domain-specific Analysis, Verification, Optimization, Parallelization, and Transformation) techniques [12] are hard to achieve, in DSLs they are straightforward.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

PyFlies: A Domain-Specific Language for Designing Experiments in Psychology

Dejanović

Dejanović²,

Vidaković

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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The majority of studies in psychology are nowadays performed using computers. In the past, access to good quality software was limited, but in the last two decades things have changed and today we have an array of good and easily accessible open-source software to choose from. However, experiment builders are either GUI-centric or based on general-purpose programming languages which require programming skills. In this paper, we investigate an approach based on domain-specific languages which enables a text-based experiment development using domain-specific concepts, enabling practitioners with limited or no programming skills to develop psychology tests. To investigate our approach, we created PyFlies, a domain-specific language for designing experiments in psychology, which we present in this paper. The language is tailored for the domain of psychological studies. The aim is to capture the essence of the experiment design in a concise and highly readable textual form. The editor for the language is built as an extension for Visual Studio Code, one of the most popular programming editors today. From the experiment description, various targets can be automatically produced. In this version, we provide a code generator for the PsychoPy library while generators for other target platforms are planned. We discuss the language, its concepts, syntax, some current limitations, and development directions. We investigate the language using a case study of the implementation of the Eriksen flanker task.

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Using language workbenches and domain-specific languages for safety-critical software development

Cited by 24 publications

References 55 publications

Applying a Human-Centered Design to Develop a Patient Prioritization Tool for a Pediatric Emergency Department: Detailed Case Study of First Iterations

Applying a Human-Centered Design to Develop a Patient Prioritization Tool for a Pediatric Emergency Department: Detailed Case Study of First Iterations

Model-Based Development of Engine Control Systems: Experiences and Lessons Learnt

PyFlies: A Domain-Specific Language for Designing Experiments in Psychology

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