Using Ion-Selective Electrodes to Study the Drug Release from Porous Cellulose Matrices

Abstract

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-based solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs), responding to propranolol hydrochloride (Pr+) and lidocaine hydrochloride (Ld+) cations as the model drugs with potassium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl) borate (KTpClPB) as the ion exchanger, were studied. Different drug-polymer solutions were prepared with the model drugs, using different blend ratios of ethylcellulose (EC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC). Two different solid dosage forms were used. Polymer films were produced by solvent casting method and drug containing porous cellulose samples were prepared by depositing the drug-polymer solutions onto filter paper substrates. The quality of the electrodes and the release profile of Pr+ and Ld+ were investigated with the potentiometric method. The results were compared to UV spectrophotometry. The electrodes were found to be sensitive, precise and functional with a Nernstian behavior over the range of 1.0 × 10−3–3.1 × 10−6 M (9.2 × 10−4–3.0 × 10−1 mg/mL) and 1 × 10−3–2 × 10−6 M (5.4 × 10−4–2.7 × 10−1 mg/mL) at 25 °C for Pr+ and Ld+ sensitive electrodes, respectively. The dynamic response time for the electrodes was less than 10 s. The Pr+ release from porous filter paper was always higher than its equivalent film formulation. Also, lidocaine had higher and faster release from the samples with higher drug concentration. The comparison of the two analytical methods showed near identical results. The ISEs provided a powerful and flexible alternative to UV method in determination of drug release from porous cellulose substrates in a small scale dissolution testing.

Ion transfer stripping voltammetry for the detection of nanomolar levels of fluoxetine, citalopram, and sertraline in tap and river water samples

“…A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 12 The detection limit achieved with the pencil lead based electrode is much better than the detection limit reported in the literature for PVC-based potentiometric solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) [45]. Compared with the detection of fluoxetine with a commercial BDD electrode, the capability of the double membrane coated pencil lead sensor is a unique advantage and enabled the measurements in tap and river water [31].…”

A sustainable data processing approach using ultraviolet-spectroscopy as a powerful spectral resolution tool for simultaneously estimating newly approved eye solution in the presence of extremely carcinogenic impurity aided with various greenness and whiteness assessment perspectives: Application to aqueous humor

“…14 The ophthalmic solution contains both LIG and FLS recommended for treatments that call for an anesthetic agent and a disclosure agent, including the Goldmann tonometry, measurement of intraocular pressure, gonioscopy, and other minor eye surgeries. 15 Many analytical techniques have been developed to quantify LIG, such as electrochemical methods, 16–21 chromatographic methods, 22–28 spectrophotometric methods, 29–31 and FLS including, spectrofluorimetry method, 32 a chromatographic method, 33 and spectrophotometric method. 34 Meanwhile, no methods have been reported that can simultaneously quantify LIG and FLS in a co-formulated eye solution.…”

Novel Green Potentiometric Method for the Determination of Lidocaine Hydrochloride and its Metabolite 2, 6‐Dimethylaniline; Application to Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Milk

“…The literature comprises different analytical methods for the determination of LD some of which are: spectrophotometry , , HPLC , TLC , GC , CZE , voltammetry and ion selective electrode‐potentiometry . Simultaneous or selective determination of LD and DMA was reported using HPLC and TLC methods.…”